Executive-_Limits_and_Strengths_NOTES.pptx

Executive Orders

Presidential directives that manage the operations of the federal government and have the force of law.

Impoundment

The practice in which the president refuses to spend money appropriated by Congress.

Executive Privilege

The right of the president to keep certain communications confidential, especially those regarding national security.

Lame Duck

A president who remains in office after a new president has been elected, from November to January.

Line-Item Veto

The power of the president to veto specific provisions of a bill without rejecting the entire bill, declared unconstitutional in 1998.

Gridlock

A situation in which the government is unable to act or make decisions due to disagreements between branches.

Impeachment

The process by which Congress brings charges of wrongdoing against a government official.

US v Nixon

A Supreme Court case that addressed whether executive privilege extends to communications about criminal wrongdoing.

Clinton v Jones

A Supreme Court case determining whether a sitting president could be sued for actions taken before taking office.

Budget Reform and Impoundment Act of 1974

Legislation requiring the president to spend all appropriated funds unless Congress approves the impoundment.