Historical Geography of Urban Environments

Practice flashcards created from notes on the historical geography of urban environments, focusing on the evolution of cities and urbanization.

What were the world’s first cities born out of?

Agricultural hearths.

What is necessary for cities to exist according to the notes?

Surplus crops; people must grow more food than they need.

Which cities grew rapidly in Classical Europe?

Athens and Rome.

What significant period followed the Classical Europe era that stunted urban growth?

The Middle Ages, also known as the 'Dark Ages'.

What was a major outcome of the Renaissance (1350–1650) in Europe?

A boom in city growth, with cities like Dublin, Madrid, and Prague flourishing.

What caused the decline of cities like Tenochtitlan during the Colonial Period?

European diseases, trickery, and weapons.

How did the Industrial Revolution affect urban growth?

It sparked massive urban growth, exemplified by cities like Manchester and Chicago.

What kind of cities are known as 'Gateway Cities'?

Cities that grew due to advantageous locations, serving as major ports and trade hubs.

What are the essential characteristics of Islamic cities according to the notes?

Central mosques, walls, open-air markets, and private courtyards.

What does the City Beautiful Movement aim to create?

Moral and aesthetically pleasing cities amidst industrial chaos.

What is 'Gentrification'?

The process where richer people move into and revitalize a neighborhood, often displacing original residents.

What does Environmental Justice concern itself with?

The equitable protection from pollution for all communities.

What did Borchert's 5 Transportation Epochs highlight?

The different dominant transportation types across historical periods.

What concept explains the runaway sprawl of cities?

Urban Sprawl.

What is 'Agglomeration' in terms of economic geography?

When companies cluster together to share resources and expertise.

What are the five economic sectors listed?

1. Primary, 2. Secondary, 3. Tertiary, 4. Quaternary, 5. Quinary.

Who proposed the Stages of Economic Development?

W.W. Rostow.

What is key to understanding global economic patterns?

Core-Periphery Model.

How does Wallerstein's World-System Theory categorize countries?

Into core, semiperiphery, and periphery based on economic competition and exploitation.

What does the Least-Cost Theory suggest about company location?

Companies aim to minimize production costs.

What challenges must urban planners face according to the notes?

Balancing current needs with future growth, meeting diverse needs, and dealing with resistance.

What is the main goal of Sustainable Development?

To meet present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs.