Very Functional

What are the three main components of a lever?

Axis (fulcrum), Effort (force), Resistance (load)

What is an example of a 1st class lever?

Atlanto-Occipital joint

What is an example of a 2nd class lever?

Ankle joint

What is an example of a 3rd class lever?

Knee, elbow, shoulder

In which order are the components of a first-class lever arranged?

Effort, Fulcrum, Load

What does a mechanical advantage of less than 1 indicate?

Greater effort is needed to move the load.

What does a mechanical advantage greater than 1 indicate?

Increases applied force, but decreases range of motion and speed.

What is torque?

A rotational force

What occurs during isometric contraction?

Internal torque and external torque are equal, resulting in no movement at the joint.

What is the definition of open-chain exercise?

The distal end of the limb is free to move while the proximal part remains stable.

What is the effect of a muscle being too shortened?

Actin overlaps too much, limiting myosin's access to binding sites and reducing tension.

What happens when a muscle is at its optimal resting length?

There is maximum overlap between actin and myosin filaments, allowing for maximum force production.

What is osteokinematics?

How a bone moves around a joint.

What is arthrokinematics?

How the joint surfaces move.

What joint movement corresponds to convex on concave principle?

Glide and roll occur in opposite directions

What is ligamentous creep?

When a constant load causes the ligament to elongate over time.

What is the stress-strain curve used to demonstrate?

The relationship between the stress applied to tendons or ligaments and their deformation.

What are local stabilizers?

Muscles that stabilize a joint, are fatigue resistant, slow twitch, and rely on a feed-forward mechanism.

What role do global mobilizers play in movement?

They are more fast twitch muscles that enable large ranges of motion.

What is the canister of the core made up of?

Diaphragm, Transverse abdominus, Pelvic floor, and Multifidus.

What is the role of fascia in the body?

It provides structure and shape to muscles and allows flexibility and structures to slide over one another.

How does movement benefit fascia?

Stimulates cells that produce hyaluronic acid, lubricating the fascia and allowing slide and glide, preventing adhesions.

What effect does lack of load have on fascia?

Reduced fascia strength due to slowing of production of collagen, decreased elasticity, impaired proprioception, increased adhesions

What is an eccentric contraction?

When a muscle lengthens under tension

What are the planes of movement in the body?

Saggital, Transverse and Frontal plane (coronal plane).

What usually characterizes the linear region of the stress-strain curve?

Elastic deformation

What is a key feature of the yield region in the stress-strain curve?

Microscopic failure of the fibrils begins

What signifies an increase in joint stability?

The activation of local stabilizers.

Why might global mobilizers take on a stabilizing role?

Compromised stability from local stabilizers that are inactive.

What can contribute to musculoskeletal injuries? (Job wise)

Awkward positions, repetitive motions, forceful exertions, pressure points, vibration, and task duration.