Dual Credit Med Term chapters 1-7

inter-

between

intra-

within

supra-

above

post-

behind

ex-

outsidde of

ad-

toward

macro-

large

-penia

general reduction of loss of function (ex: osteopenia)

-itis

inflammation

-cyte

cell

-osis

abnormal condition

-rhagia

abnormal excessive fluid discharge

-stenosis

abnormal narrowing

-megaly

abnormal enlargement

-malacia

abnormal softening

-ologist

specialist

-ectomy

surgical removal

arthr/o

articulation, joint

cyan/o

blue

dextr/o

right side

erythr/o

red blood cell

leuk/o

white blood cells

megal/o

large, enlarged

neur/o

nerve, nervous system

acquired immunity

immunity that the body develops after it overcomes a disease, or through inoculation (such as vaccination)

acute respiratory stress disorder

a life-threatening condition in which inflammation in the lungs and fluid in the alveoli lead to low levels of oxygen in the blood

adduction

Movement toward the midline of the body

adenocarcinoma

a malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue

adenoma

a benign tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue

adenosclerosis

abnormal hardening of a gland

Airborne precautions

Methods of infection control that must be used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei.

allergy

a specific reaction of the immune system to a foreign and frequently harmless substance

ambu bag

a hand-held device that is used to manually breathe for the patient on a temporary basis

anemia

A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume.

antiviral drug

used to treat viral infections or to provide temporary immunity

arrhythmia

Abnormal heart rhythm

arterial stent

a wire-mesh tube that is commonly placed after the artery has been opened

arthrodesis

surgical fusion of a joint

arthroscopy

the visual examination of the internal structure of a joint

artificial pacemaker

an implanted electronic device that takes over the function of the natural cardiac pacemaker

asystole

flat line, most severe form of cardiac arrrest

atherectomy

surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior of an artery

atherosclerosis

condition in which fatty deposits called plaque build up on the inner walls of the arteries

atrial fibrillation

occurs when the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid irregular twitching of the muscular heart wall

avascular necrosis

death of tissue due to insufficient blood supply

B cell

a lymphocyte not processed by the thymus gland, and responsible for producing antibodies.

bactericide

substance that kills or damages bacteria

Basophils

A circulating leukocyte that produces histamine, active in allergic reactions

Bradycardia

abnormally slow heartbeat

Capillaries

Microscopic vessel through which exchanges take place between the blood and cells of the body

cardiologist

heart specialist

cardiomyopathy

the term used to describe all diseases of the heart muscle

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

emergency procedure consisting of external cardiac compressions and artificial ventilation

carditis

inflammation of the heart

celiac disease

malabsorption syndrome caused by an immune reaction to gluten

chondromalacia

abnormal softening of cartilage

chondroplasty

the surgical repair of damaged cartilage

communicable disease

disease that is transmitted from one individual to another, contagious

congenital

present at birth

croup

acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx, accompanied by barking cough and stridor

diastolic pressure

occurs when the ventricles are relaxed; the lowest pressure against the walls of an artery

Droplet precautions

Methods of infection control that must be used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by large particle droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, talking, or laughing.

ELISA

screening test to detect anti-HIV antibodies in the bloodstream

embolus

A clot or foreign object that breaks lose and travels through the bloodstream.

epidemic

widespread outbreak of a disease within a population

epidemiologist

a specialist in the study of outbreaks of disease within a population group

exhalation

breathing out

fungus

Saprophytic and parasitic spore-producing eukaryotic organisms that lack chlorophyll and include molds, rusts, mildews, smuts, mushrooms, and yeasts.

heart murmur

abnormal heart sound

heart valvular prolapse

the abnormal protrusion of a heart valve that results in the inability of the valve to close completely

hematologist

physician who studies and treats diseases of the blood

Hemochromatosis

hereditary disorder with an excessive buildup of iron deposits in the body, "iron overload disease"

hemoptysis

coughing up blood or blood stained sputum

hemostasis

to stop or control bleeding

herpes zoster

shingles

Hospital acquired pneumonia

a type of pneumonia contracted during a stay in the hospital when a patient's defenses are impaired

hospitalist

physician focusing on the general medical care of hospitalized patients

Huntington's disease

Genetic disorder that causes progressive deterioration of brain cells. caused by a dominant allele. symptoms do not appear until about the age of 30.

hypercapnia

the abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood

hyperextension

extension of a joint beyond the anatomical position

hypogastric

below the stomach

hypotonic

Having a lower concentration of solute than another solution

idiopathic

pertaining to disease of unknown origin

infection

invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism

influenza

flu virus

internal respiration

Exchange of gases between cells of the body and the blood

internist

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the internal organs and related body systems

jaundice

yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by an accumulation of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood, associated with the liver

lateralis

toward the side

leukemia

cancer of white blood cells

lithotomy

surgical incision for the removal of a stone

localized allergic reaction

includes redness, itching, and burning where the skin has come into contact with an allergen

lordosis

abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine (sway-back condition)

lumpectomy

excision of a small primary breast tumor and some of the normal tissue that surrounds it

lymph node

a small knob of tissue in the lymphatic system that filters lymph, trapping bacteria and other microorganisms that cause disease

lymphadenopathy

any disease process affecting a lymph node or nodes

mandible

lower jaw bone

manubrium

upper portion of the sternum

measles

viral infection, transmitted by droplets. red itchy rash, coughing, and runny nose

mesentary

a fold of the peritoneum that attaches the stomach, small intestine, pancreas, spleen, and other organs to the posterior wall of the abdomen.