Muscles and Structures of the Walls of the Axilla

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Last updated 1:01 AM on 9/1/26
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10 Terms

1
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muscles and structures of the anterior axilla (anterior wall of armpit)

  • muscles: pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, subclavius

  • structure: clavipectoral fascia


2
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pectoralis major

2 heads: clavicular head, sternocostal head

O:

  • clavicular head: anterior surface of the medial clavicle

  • sternocostal head: anterior surface of the sternum and associated costal cartilages, aponeurosis of the external oblique

I: lateral lip of interubercular groove of the humerus

A:

  • clavicular head only: shoulder flexion

  • sternocostal head only: shoulder extension, when in a flex position

  • both heads: adduct and internally rotate the shoulder

N: medial and lateral pectoral nerves

<p>2 heads: clavicular head, sternocostal head </p><p>O:</p><ul><li><p>clavicular head: anterior surface of the medial clavicle </p></li><li><p>sternocostal head: anterior surface of the sternum and associated costal cartilages, aponeurosis of the external oblique </p></li></ul><p>I: lateral lip of interubercular groove of the humerus </p><p>A:</p><ul><li><p>clavicular head only: shoulder flexion </p></li><li><p>sternocostal head only: shoulder extension, when in a flex position </p></li><li><p>both heads: adduct and internally rotate the shoulder </p></li></ul><p>N: medial and lateral pectoral nerves </p>
3
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<p>pectoralis minor </p>

pectoralis minor

O: anterior, superior surface of ribs 3-5

I: coracoid process

A: protract and depress the scapula

N: medial pectoral nerve

4
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subclavius

O: 1st ribs at junction w/ the costal cartilage

I: inferior, medial 1/3 of the clavicle

A: depress the clavicle

N: subclavian nerve

<p>O: 1st ribs at junction w/ the costal cartilage </p><p>I: inferior, medial 1/3 of the clavicle </p><p>A: depress the clavicle </p><p>N: subclavian nerve </p>
5
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clavipectoral fascia

Encloses the subclavius, pectoralis minor and spans the gap between these muscles

  • thick sheet of CT and connects the clavicle to the floor of the axilla

  • gateway for the cephalic vein, thoracoacromial artery and medial and lateral pectoral nerve


6
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layers of the anterior wall of the axilla

superficial to deep:

  • pectoralis major

  • clavipectoral fascia

  • subclavius and pectoralis minor


7
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posterior wall of the axilla

costal surface of the scapula

  • muscles: subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, teres major, long head of triceps

  • remember anatomical spaces


8
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medial wall of the axilla

muscles: serratus anterior

  • intercostal tissues

    • intercostobrachial nerve: sensory nerve that supplies info to the floor of the axilla


9
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serratus anterior

O: lateral surface of the upper 9 ribs

I: costal surface of the medial border of the scapula

A: protract and upwardly rotate the scapula, hold scapula firmly against the thoracic wall

N: long thoracic nerve

<p>O: lateral surface of the upper 9 ribs </p><p>I: costal surface of the medial border of the scapula </p><p>A: protract and upwardly rotate the scapula, hold scapula firmly against the thoracic wall</p><p>N: long thoracic nerve </p>
10
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lateral wall of the axilla

narrow space and formed entirely by the intertubercular groove

attachments:

  • lateral lip: pectoralis major

  • medial lip: teres major

  • floor: latissimus