Animal Science Quiz #1

Temple Grandin’s chute design feature

Curved chutes with solid walls that prevent cattle from seeing outside distractions and utilize their natural tendency to circle

Bud Box System

A rectangular enclosure where cattle enter, pass the handler, hit a dead end, and turn back toward the open chute entrance

Handler Movement Relative to Cattle Flow

Moving in the opposite direction parallel to cattle accelerates their forward movement: moving in the same direction slows them down

Flight Zone

An animal’s personal space safety envelope; entering it caused the animal to move away, while stepping outside it causes the animal to stop

Point of Balance

Located at the animal’s shoulder; stepping behind it moves the animal forward, while stepping in front makes it turn or stop

Innate Behavior (Calf Nursing)

An instinctive, unlearned behavioral pattern exhibited immediately after birth without prior experience

Allelomimetic Behavior

A social behavior pattern where animals in a group perform the same activity at the same time (ex: flocking or herd grazing)

Habituation

A learned behavior where an animal gradually ceases responding to a repeated stimulus after learning it carries no threat or reward

Swine Eliminative Behavior

Pigs naturally select distinct, designated areas of a pen for defecation and urination away from feeding and sleeping zones

Cattle Prehension Mechanism

Cattle use their long, mobile tongue as the primary organ to wrap around and gather pasture forage into the mouth

Horse Prehension Mechanism

Horses use agile, sensitive lips along with incisor teeth to select and graze forage close to the ground

Sheep and Goat Prehension Mechanism

Small ruminants use a cleft/split upper lip (philtrum) and dental pad with incisors for close grazing and selective browsing

Monocular vs. Binocular Vision in Livestock

Grazing livestock have wide angle monocular vision for predator detection and a narrow binocular field in front for depth perception

ADA Recognized Service Animals

Under the Americans with Disabilities Act, only dogs and miniature horses are legally recognized as service animals

Global Permanent Pastureland Percentage

Approximately 27.1% (about 26-27%) of all global agricultural land is classified as permanent pasture

Veterinary Feed Directive (VFD)

Federal regulatory mandate requiring written authorization from a licensed veterinarian to use medically important antibiotics in livestock feed or water

Top State in Agricultural Receipts

California leads the United States in total annual agricultural sales receipts

Top State in Cattle Valuation

Texas leads the United States in total head of cattle and overall cattle/calf valuation