Chem-101 Chapter 10: Chemical Bonding

These flashcards cover the key concepts from the Chem-101 Chapter 10 lecture on Chemical Bonding, focusing on bonding theories, valence electrons, types of bonds, and molecular geometry.

What are bonding theories used for?

Bonding theories predict how atoms bond together to form molecules and explain shapes of molecules.

What are valence electrons?

Valence electrons are electrons in the outermost electron shell of an atom that participate in bonding.

What is the octet rule?

Certain arrangements of valence electrons are more stable than others, often achieved by having eight valence electrons.

What is a Lewis symbol?

A Lewis symbol consists of the chemical symbol of an element surrounded by dots that represent the number of valence electrons.

What is an ionic bond model?

An ionic bond characterizes the transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal, resulting in the formation of charged ions.

What do ionic bonds typically involve?

Ionic bonds usually occur between a metal, which donates electrons, and a nonmetal, which accepts electrons.

What defines a covalent bond?

A covalent bond is characterized by the sharing of electrons between two atoms, most commonly between nonmetals.

What is the VSEPR theory used for?

The VSEPR theory is used to determine the 3D arrangement of atoms in a molecule based on electron pair repulsion.

What is electronegativity?

Electronegativity is a measure of the relative attraction that an atom has for shared electrons in a bond.

What does a polar bond indicate?

A polar bond indicates unequal sharing of electrons due to differences in electronegativity between bonded atoms.