human geography notes

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29 Terms

1

Population Pyramids

A special type of graph that shows the structure of a country's population, divided into age and gender groups.

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2

Dependency Load

The proportion of the population that is not in the workforce, including people 14 and under and 65 and over.

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3

Workforce

The proportion of both males and females aged 15 to 64 years old who are in the workforce.

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4

Expansive Population Pyramid

A population pyramid with a big base, a small proportion of elderly, and a fast-growing population.

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5

Near Stationary Population Pyramid

A population pyramid with a narrow base, similar numbers in each age category, and a steady population.

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6

Constrictive Population Pyramid

A population pyramid with a narrow base, a large proportion of elderly, and a shrinking population.

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7

Scattered Population Pattern

An irregular pattern with few settlements and low population density, common in remote regions.

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8

Linear Population Pattern

Settlements that develop in a line along a river, railway, or major highway.

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9

Clustered Population Pattern

Settlements that develop in clusters, with some distance separating the clusters, often associated with resource development.

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10

Peripheral Population Pattern

Settlements that develop around the edge of a landform, such as along an ocean coast or around the shores of a lake.

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11

Dispersed Population Pattern

A fairly regular pattern of medium to high density, common in flatter regions with good farmland.

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12

Population Distribution

Refers to where people live, with more than 90% of Canadians living in southern Canada within 600km of the U.S. border.

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13

Population Density

Refers to the number of people who live in a certain area, varying from province to province in Canada.

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14

Urban Land Use Classification

The classification of urban land use into 6 major uses:residential, transportation, institutional, open and green space, industrial, and commercial.

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15

Residential Land Use

Broken into three categories:low density housing, medium density housing, and high density housing.

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16

Transportation Land Use

Includes roads, airports, parking lots, public transportation, and railways.

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17

Institutional Land Use

Land occupied by public facilities, community, educational, governmental, healthcare, and religious sites.

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18

Industrial Land Use

Land use for manufacturing, assembly plants, processing, warehousing, or storage.

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19

Commercial Land Use

Land use for retail, service, or office use.

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20

Open and Green Space Land Use

Land set aside for recreation and conservation efforts, such as parks, playing fields, forests, or undeveloped land.

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21

Zoning

A zoning bylaw that controls the use of land in a community, specifying how land may be used, where buildings can be located, and the types of buildings permitted.

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22

Urban Sprawl

The spread of urban communities into a surrounding area, providing more land for development but causing destruction of natural spaces, increased pollution, and traffic congestion.

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23

Urbanisation

The process by which rural areas close to existing cities become urban, going through stages of hamlet, village, town, and city.

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24

Hamlet

A small rural settlement with few goods and services, relying on surrounding areas for employment and resources.

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25

Village

A larger rural settlement with a greater variety of goods and services, still relying on surrounding areas for most employment and resources.

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26

Town

A small urban settlement with industry, business, and public services, where most goods and services can be found within the town itself.

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27

City

A larger urban settlement with all necessary goods and services, supporting pro sports teams, hospitals, colleges/universities, and attracting migration for work.

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28

Census Metropolitan Area (CMA)

An urban area including all villages, towns, and smaller cities near a major urban centre, with no rural area between them.

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29

Greenbelt

A permanently protected area of green space, farmland, forests, wetlands, and watersheds in Southern Ontario, Canada, surrounding a significant portion of the Golden Horseshoe.

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