Cardio-Respiratory Systems Year 10 Sports Science

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering the Year 10 Sports Science Cardio-Respiratory System curriculum, including circulatory functions, heart metrics, and respiratory responses.

Cardio

A term meaning heart.

Vascular

A term meaning vessels.

Pulmonary blood flow

Blood flow that occurs between the heart and the lungs.

Systemic Blood flow

Blood flow that occurs between the heart and the rest of the body.

Arteries

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

Veins

Blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart and often contain valves to prevent backflow.

Capillaries

The smallest blood vessels in the body where gaseous exchange occurs.

Bradycardia

A heart rate that is slower than $60$ beats per minute.

Tachycardia

A heart rate that is faster than $100$ beats per minute.

Cardiac Output ($Q$)

The amount of blood pumped by the circulatory system in one minute.

Stroke Volume ($SV$)

The volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle per beat.

Heart Rate ($HR$)

The number of heart beats per minute ($BPM$).

Haemoglobin

The substance responsible for the transport of oxygen in the bloodstream.

A-VO2 Difference

The difference in oxygen content between arterial and venous blood.

VO2 Max

The maximum amount of oxygen the body can take in and utilize during exercise.

O2 Deficit

The period at the onset of exercise when oxygen supply does not meet oxygen demand.

Steady State

The state where oxygen supply meets oxygen demand during exercise.

EPOC (O2 Debt)

Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption; the period after exercise where oxygen consumption remains elevated to recover.

Acute Response

Short-term or immediate effects that exercise has on the body.

Chronic Response

Long-term physiological adaptations that occur due to consistent training.

Respiratory Rate

The number of breaths taken per minute.

Tidal Volume

The amount of air inhaled or exhaled per breath.

Ventilation

The total volume of air inspired or expired per minute.

Inspiration

The process of breathing in where the diaphragm contracts and flattens, increasing lung volume.

Expiration

The process of breathing out where the diaphragm relaxes and lung volume decreases.

Plasma

The liquid component of blood that helps transport nutrients and blood cells.