Nutrition and Wellness Study guide (Chapter 1-6 Part 2)

Proteins, Fats, Carbohydrates; Sugars

The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) sets healthy range intake for____ but not for __

Daily Values

What are the standards used solely on food labels to enable consumers to compare the nutrient values of foods?

5

The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) are nutrient intake standards for people in the United States and Canada. How many sets of standards does the DRI include?

Estimated Average Requirements

The set of values that establishes the average nutrient requirements that researchers and policy makers use in their work

Seafood, Meats, Poultry, Eggs, Nuts, Seeds, and Soy Products

The subgroups within the protein foods group in the USDA Eating Patterns

Blood

Carries water-soluble nutrients and many other substances.

Lymph

Transports absorbed fats and fat-soluble substances

Digestive System

It breaks food down, absorbs nutrients, and eliminates waste

Small Intestine

Where does most digestion and absorption occur?

Large Intestine

It primarily absorbs water and minerals and forms/stores feces.

Glucagon

Raises blood glucose by stimulating glucose release.

Glucagon

Raises blood glucose by stimulating glucose release.

Soluble fiber

Dissolves in water; can help regulate blood cholesterol and glucose.

Low GI Foods

Beans, many non-starchy vegetables, some whole grains.

Low GI Foods

Beans, many non-starchy vegetables, some whole grains.

Medium GI Foods

Some whole-grain products and certain fruits.

High GI Foods

Many refined grains, sugary foods, and some processed carbohydrates.

Glycemic Index

ranks carbohydrate-containing foods based on how quickly they raise blood glucose

Disaccharides

Sucrose = glucose + fructose

Lactose = glucose + galactose

Maltose = glucose + glucose

Disaccharides

Sucrose = glucose + fructose

Lactose = glucose + galactose

Maltose = glucose + glucose

Vitamin A

Vision, growth, immune function.

Vitamin D

Calcium absorption and bones

Vitamin E

Antioxidant and cell protection

Vitamin K

Blood clotting and bone health

Source of Omega 3

Fatty fish, flaxseeds, chia seeds, walnuts

Source of Omega 6

Nuts/Seeds, vegetable oil, poultry fat

Cortisol

The major hormone that elicits the stress response and is also called adrenaline

Kidney

Organ that excretes waste when the working units, called nephrons, filter it into the urine

Carbohydrates

What does the human brain prefer to metabolize as its energy source?

130 grams

The Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) recommends a minimum of ___ to provide adequate glucose to the brain.

Insulin

What hormone facilitates blood glucose uptake by the muscle and adipose tissue, and stimulates glycogen synthesis in the liver?