compsci quiz 5 vocab

Data

 Raw facts or measurements

Information

 Explained or organized facts, interpreted

Dataset

A specific, named  group of data

Big Data

Datasets too large to fit on a single computer

Metadata

Data describing other data

Database

A collection of data on a computer system, facilitates easy access and modification

File

A named group of data on the computer’s storage, persistent

Folder

A named container that holds files or other folders

Table

A grid organizing data in rows and columns

Procedure

A synonym for function

List

A container for multiple values

Loop

An instruction to repeat actions

Parameter

A variable in a function definition for incoming values

Data Cleaning

Correcting erroneous data

Data Filtering

Selecting only part of the data based on your criteria

Citizen Science

Scientific research conducted by the general public, usually over Internet

Crowdsourcing

Using many people's help, often online, to gather information or solve problems.

Data Bias

Limitations in data that unfairly influences results in one direction.

Machine Learning

Algorithms that allow the computer to learn without being explicitly programmed.

Artificial Intelligence

The simulation of human intelligence in computers

Information

Facts put into context, understood facts, organized

Each element in a list has a position called its

index

Argument

the value being sent into the function

Open Data

sharing data with others so they can can analyze it

Model

A program that makes a prediction

Training Set

The data used to teach a machine learning model

Testing Set

A separate group of data used to check how well the model learned

My do we use Machine Learning?

Some problems cannot be solved with ruled-based programming (if statements), we would need too many if statements.

We can overcome these challenges by teaching the computer to learn from patterns in data.