OTD 517 Quiz 3

Anxiety

Excessive fear and anxiety with behavioral disturbance, autonomic response leading to increased HR, BP and RESP.

Separation anxiety

Excessive fear/ anxiety about separation from home or attachment figure.

Selective mutism

Consistent failure to speak in social situations.

Phobia

Fear and anxiety about a specific object or situation.

Social anxiety

Fear of social situations in which they may be judged or scrutinized by others.

Panic disorder

An anxiety disorder where you regularly have sudden attacks of panic or fear. Feelings of anxiety, stress and panic regularly and at any time, often for no apparent reason.

Agoraphobia

Fear of open or enclosed places, being crowded, using public transport, being outside of the home alone.

Generalized anxiety disorder

Excessive fear/anxiety about everyday life circumstances.

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Obsession cannot stop thinking about 1 thing. Compulsion is do something.

- Ex. Left the curling iron on, im going to burn the house down. So you turn around and check the iron and its off. Then another compulsive thought, did I see the red light, go check again.

Themes of OCD

Contamination/cleaning, symmetry which is numbers, forbidden or taboo thoughts, harm.

Body dysmorphic disorder

Preoccupation with flaws or defects of their appearance. Leads to repetitive behaviors or acts that are hard to control consume 3-8 hours a day.

- Ex. Seek constant reassurance from others, pick skin, excessive weightlifting, using anabolic steroids, cosmetic surgery

Hoarding disorder

Difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, accumulating excessive clutter that interferes with ability to live.

Body focused on repetitive behaviors

Trichotillomania, repetitive pulling out one's own hair.

Excoriation disorder, recurrent skin picking that results in skin lesions

Anxiety impact on OP

Social, physical, cognitive, psychosocial.

Anxiety evaluation

Quality of life, assess severity level of anxiety, assess ability to cope, evaluate impact of symptoms on OP for all occupations.

Anxiety interventions

CBA, sensory and emotional processing, mindfulness, health routines and habits.

Anorexia

Weight loss by starvation, excessive exercise or extreme dieting, intense fear of becoming fat

Types of anorexia

Food restriction and purging (throwing up).

Most frequent population of anorexia

Populations that embrace thinness, such as gymnasts, dancers, and models.

Common symptoms of anorexia

Thinness, restricted food intake, fear of gaining weight, low self-esteem, and denial of being underweight. They feel superior because they can perform normal tasks without eating.

Bulimia

Binge eating followed by maladaptive compensatory behaviors, often while maintaining a normal BMI.

Compensatory behaviors in bulimia

Starvation, laxatives, and throwing up.

Symptoms of bulimia

Bingeing with lack of control cannot stop yourself, weight influence self- esteem feel shammed after eating, fear of gaining weight so they compensate for it.

Binge eating disorder

Most common, eat food even when not hungry, DO NOT compensate for it

Symptoms of binge eating disorder

Feelings of shame or guilt, binge episodes when not hungry, and eating quickly in secret.

Eating disorders impact on OP

ADL's, social, coping with emotions, eating, communicating

Eating disorders evaluation

Listen to their views on perception of body image and self- esteem and assess for self- harm and suicidal ideations

Interventions for eating disorders

Harm reduction, CBA, MI and lifestyle redesign and IDL's, communication skills, stress management

Schizophrenia

2 of these symptoms for 1 month: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized behavior, negative symptoms.

Delusions

Distortions in thought or false beliefs, can have non-bizarre and bizarre.

Hallucinations

Distortions in perception can be visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, gustatory.

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia

Delusion, hallucinations, disorganized thinking and behavior.

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Flat affect, social withdrawal, avolition (lack of motivation), anhedonia (reduced experience of pleasure), decreased attention, alogia (lack of speech).

Schizoaffective

Combo of mood (depressive or manic) and psychotic symptoms.

Schizophrenia impact on OP

Attention, memory, executive function, working memory, health management, stigma and poverty.

Schizophrenia evaluation

Cognitive, IADL, ADL, risk assessment, leisure and social skill assessment

Schizophrenia interventions

All things cognitive, sensory, social skill training, support groups or people, IADL/ADL training.

Cluster A

Distorted thinking and social withdrawal, social awkwardness, emotional distancing.

Paranoid, schizoid and schizotypal personality disorder

Paranoid personality disorder

Believe someone is out to get them, steal from them.

Schizoid personality disorder

Introverted and often has little emotional range. Ex. They are happy but don't care if they don't have a relationship.

Schizotypal personality disorder

Shy but would like friends, often involved in their own words that include fantasy. Ex. Would want to have friends.

Cluster B

Dramatic, emotional, erratic thinking, problems with impulse control and difficulty with emotional regulation or response.

Antisocial, narcissistic, histrionic and borderline

Antisocial

Feel they are important and lack regard for others.

Ex. No empathy, charming, manipulating.

Histrionic

Extreme emotional reaction to not having attention on them.

Ex. Dramatic, 'why isn't anyone looking at me I am all dressed up.'

Narcissistic

Lack of empathy with need for admiration, exaggerate accomplishments, put down others for personal gain.

Ex. In it for themselves, fragile, if you tell them they are wrong they prove that you are wrong.

Borderline

Make frantic, manipulative attempts to avoid abandonment. Intense emotional reaction, poor impulse control and rigid thinking.

Ex. Scared of being alone.

Cluster C

High anxiety, avoidance of interpersonal interactions, feeling the need to be taken care of, perfectionism.

- Avoidant, dependent, OCPD

Avoidant

Avoid social situations, hypersensitive to criticism, fearful of rejection or embarrassment.

Dependent

Extreme fear of separation that leads to being clingy to others, may tolerate abuse.

Obsessive compulsive personality disorder

Rigid and avoidant personality.

Ex. It has to be this way or I am uncomfortable.

Personality disorder impact on OP

Cognition, affectivity (feelings), impulse-control problems, significant interpersonal problems.

Personality disorder evaluation

Assess impairments in cognition, affect, impulse control and interpersonal relationships.

Personality disorder intervention

CBA, anger management, DBT, mindfulness, family psychoeducation, peer support programs.

Major depressive disorder

One or more instance of depressive episode, no manic or hypomanic episodes occur

Persistent depressive disorder

Symptoms are less severe than MDD but must be present for at least 2 years

Bipolar disorder

Manic episodes, hypomanic episodes or cyclothymic (2 years of mixed manic and hypomanic) may occur with major depressive episode

Mood disorders impact on OP

Cognitive, behavioral social effects, sleep, daily routines, motivation, functioning skills decreased

Mood disorders evaluation

Assess severity of symptoms, risk assessment, cognitive and functional assessments

Mood disorders intervention

CBA, sensory processing, physical activity, sleep hygiene, peer and community support