10 Endo (Final): Technology in Endodontics

false

t/f: the apical constriction and the radiographic apex are at the same location

Electronic Apex locators

ID the Endo technology:

•Utilizes an electrical current passed through the patient's root canal and oral tissues to determine the location of the apical foramen (AF)

•Put lip clip on patient and connect file holder to a file in the canal

green

When using the Electronic Apex locators, what color lets you know that you are at the apical foramen?

blue

When using the Electronic Apex locators, what color lets you know that you are SHORT the apical foramen?

red

When using the Electronic Apex locators, what color lets you know that you are BEYOND the apical foramen?

Root ZX II

What is the name of the apex locator we use at TUSDM?

irrigate the canal, it can still be wet

All of the following are true about using a Electronic Apex locators, EXCEPT:

•make sure the file you are using binds slightly at the apical foramen

•make sure the file is not touching any metal restorations

•irrigate the canal, it can still be wet

•make sure the batteries are charged

small volume (FOV) 5-7 cm

What field of view for CBCTs is used in endodontics?

•Isometric: can accurately measure distances (e.g. working length)

•No anatomical distortion – can accurately identify PARLs, etc.

•can be used to determine number and position of canals

What are the advantages of using a CBCT over a 2D periapical?

•additional radiation exposure

•can’t be used with rubber dam on

•beam hardening

•cost

What are the disadvantages of using a CBCT over a 2D periapical?

•Diagnosis:

--identification of periapical lesions

--evaluation of complex canal anatomy

--evaluation of previously treated teeth (i.e. missed canals)

•working length measurement

•surgical planning

•evaluation of trauma / possible pathology

What are the applications that CBCTs are used in endodontics?

•Enhanced magnification

•Enhanced illumination

•Enhanced ergonomics

What are 3 advantages of using a Surgical Operating Microscope in endodontics?

3

Clinicians are ___ times as likely to locate an MB2 canal when using a Surgical Operating Microscope

•Diagnostic aid (e.g. identifying cracks)

•Locating canals

•Conservative dentin removal

•Improves surgical outcomes (apicoectomies)

what are 4 ways Surgical Operating Microscopes improve endo treatment?

Ultrasonic Endodontic Systems

ID the Endo technology:

•improved visibility of the cutting area

•removing posts / broken instruments from canals

•helpful for removing pulp stones from the pulpal floor

•retro-preparation during apicoectomy

vapor lock

All 4 Advanced Irrigation Systems address the problem of ________ in the apical few mm of the canal

Sonic / Ultrasonic Activation

ID the Endo technology:

•Activates irrigant by oscillating as a high speed

Apical Negative Pressure Systems

ID the Endo technology:

•Disrupts vapor lock by creating a negative pressure while irrigating

•EndoVac

GentleWave

ID the Endo technology:

•Proprietary system that uses a computer guided, closed irrigation system to remove tissue and disinfect the canals

•May allow for more conservative canal preparations

Lasers

ID the Endo technology:

•Aid in disinfecting root canal systems (“Photodynamic Therapy”)

•Some use for canal preparation

calcium-silicate based

What is the material that Bioceramic Sealers are made with?

Bioceramic Sealers

ID the Endo technology:

•Calcium-silicate based

•Set with minimal shrinkage

•Can be used in certain cases of minimal canal preparation (or where warm vertical condensation is not practical) to obturate using a "single cone" technique

Guttacore

ID the Endo technology:

-has a different isoform of gutta percha in the middle instead of a plastic carrier

Thermafil

ID the Endo technology:

•plastic carrier with GP (gutta perca) on in that can be heated up outside the mouth and then inserted into the canal

true

t/f: Success rates of endodontic therapy have remained at the same high level (~90%) for many decades, despite new tech

pulpotomy

what emergency treatment should you perform if a tooth is vital, but has symptomatic irreversible pulpitis?

pulpectomy

what emergency treatment should you perform for a tooth that has symptomatic necrosis?

Is the tooth periodontally restorable?

before treating this tooth, what should you ask yourself?

apexogenesis therapy

a symptomatic vital tooth with an open apex should receive _______

apexification or regenerative endodontic

a symptomatic non-vital tooth with an open apex should receive _______

-patient related factors

-tooth related factors

-provider related factors

When assessing case difficulty, what are 3 factors to consider?

•Recommended treatment plans must be based on a correct diagnosis

•Tooth must be deemed restorable

•Patient medical history must allow for the recommended treatment

•Case difficulty level must be within the provider's capability

What are the 4 clinical considerations you should have when treatment planning?

•Patient goals

•Cost of treatment

What are 2 non-clinical considerations you should have when treatment planning?