anatomy exam #2 content: cranial nerves ONLY

mnemonic to remember order of cranial nerves

Oh, our old trust truck acts funny, very good vehicle anyhow

mnemonic to remember type of cranial nerves

some say marry money, my brother says big brains matter more

olfactory nerve function

sense of smell

where does the olfactory nerve exit from?

pierces cribriform plate (olfactory foramina) of the ethmoid bone

optic nerve function

vision

where does optic nerve exit?

goes to visual cortex in occipital lobe

which cranial nerve is not a true nerve, but rather an extension of the brain?

optic

what eye muscles does the oculomotor cranial nerve move?

• superior rectus

• inferior rectus

• medial rectus

• inferior onlique

function of oculomotor nerve

lens accommodation (focusing)

pupillary constriction when there’s bright lights

where does the oculomotor nerve exit?

superior orbital fissure

what is the smallest cranial nerve?

trochlear

what is the longest intracranial nerve?

trochlear

which cranial nerve is the only one that exits the brain dorsally?

trochlear

what eye muscle does the trochlear cranial nerve move?

superior oblique muscle

function of trochlear nerve

moves one eye muscle: superior oblique muscle downward and lateral movement of eye (cheater’s muscle)

where does the trochlear nerve exit from?

superior orbital fissure

function of trigeminal nerve

sensory to face

controls muscles of mastication 

corneal (blink) reflex

what are the divisions of the trigeminal nerve?

ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular

nerves in ophthalmic divison (v1) of trigeminal nerve (think: Lisse ziz bam)

lacrimal nerve, infratrochlear nerve, supraorbital nerve, supratrochlear nerve, external nasal branch of anterior ethmoidal

nerves in maxillary division (v2) of trigeminal nerve (think: Lisse ziz bam)

zygomaticofacial nerve, infraorbital nerve, zygomaticotemporal nerve

nerves in mandibular divison (v3) of trigeminal nerve (think: Lisse ziz bam)

buccal nerve, auriculotemporal nerve, mental nerve

function of adducens nerve

innervates lateral rectus eye muscle, moves eye laterally

where does the adducens nerve exit

superior orbital fissure

function of facial nerve

controls muscle of facial expression, salivary glands, taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue (sour, salty, sweet)

where does facial nerve exit from?

stylomastoid foramen

vestibulocochlear nerve function

equilibrium and hearing

where does vestibulocochlear nerve exit from?

internal acoustic meatus

glossopharyngeal function

innervates part of tongue and pharynx; taste of bitter on back 1/3 of tongue; swallowing and gag reflex

where does glossopharyngeal nerve exit from

jugular foramen

vagus nerve function

parasympathetic stuff (heart rate, digestive, breathing), innervates larynx (voicebox)

which cranial nerve extends below the head and neck into the thorax and abdomen?

vagus

accessory nerve function

innervates trapezius and SCM muscle

where does accessory nerve exit from?

jugular foramen

hypoglossal nerve function

moves tongue; swallowing and speech

where does hypoglossal nerve exit from

hypoglossal canal

clinical test for spinal accessory nerve

ask patient to shrug shoulders against resistance