Untitled Flashcard Set

What does Newton's First Law of Motion state about an object at rest and in motion?

An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue moving at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force.

What is inertia?

Inertia is an object's resistance to a change in its motion; greater mass means greater inertia.

What is the relationship expressed in Newton's Second Law of Motion?

The relationship is expressed as F = ma, where F is net force, m is mass, and a is acceleration.

What does Newton's Third Law of Motion state?

For every action force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force.

What is a balanced force?

Balanced forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, producing a net force of zero.

What is an unbalanced force?

Unbalanced forces produce a nonzero net force that can cause an object to speed up, slow down, change direction, start moving, or stop moving.

How is acceleration defined?

Acceleration is the rate at which an object changes its velocity.

What is electric current?

Electric current is the flow of electric charge, mainly electrons, in a metal conductor.

What is a circuit?

A circuit is a complete pathway through which electric current flows.

What is voltage?

Voltage, or electric potential difference, is the difference in electrical potential energy per unit charge between two points.

How is resistance defined?

Resistance is the opposition to the flow of electric current and is measured in ohms (Ω).

What is Ohm's Law?

Ohm's Law describes the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in an electrical circuit as V = IR.

What happens in a series circuit?

In a series circuit, components are connected in a single path, meaning the same current flows through all components.

How does a parallel circuit differ from a series circuit?

A parallel circuit has multiple paths for current, allowing other branches to continue working if one branch fails.

What is electromagnetic radiation?

Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) is a form of energy that travels through space as electromagnetic waves.

What does the electromagnetic spectrum include?

The electromagnetic spectrum includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

What is the wavelength in an electromagnetic wave?

Wavelength is the distance between corresponding points on consecutive waves, measured in meters (m).

What is frequency in the context of waves?

Frequency is the number of complete wave cycles passing a point each second, measured in hertz (Hz).

What does Planck's equation relate to in electromagnetic waves?

Planck's equation, E = hf, relates energy (E) to frequency (f), where h is Planck's constant.

What does the speed of light (c) equal?

The speed of light (c) equals approximately $3.00 \times 10^8$ m/s.

How do you find the current in a circuit using Ohm's Law?

The current (I) can be found using the formula I = V/R, where V is voltage and R is resistance.