Final flashcards

Penicillin

What is the fungus responsible for a very important medical discovery?

Ascomycota

What is the largest phylum of fungi?

Basidiomycota

What phylum are mushrooms and puffballs in?

Zygomycota

What phylum are bread molds in?

Foliose

What type of lichen is this?

Fruticose

What type of lichen is this?

Crustose

What type of lichen is this?

Hyphae, Mycelium, Ascocarp/basidiocarp

What are the anatomical parts of fungi?

Numerous small filaments 

What is the hyphae?

Hyphae grouped together into a mass

What is the mycellium?

Fruiting body

What is the ascocarp/basidiocarp?

Chytridomycota, Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota

The five phylogenic classifications of fungi:

Ancient fungi, Unicellular, Aquatic decomposers, Parasites

Characteristics of Chytridiomycota?

Bread molds

What are Zygomycota?

Mutualists that form a symbiotic relationships with the roots of plants. Ex: Mycorrhizae 

What are Glomeromycota?

Truffles, Morels, Yeast, Pencillium

Examples of Ascomycota?

Mushrooms, Shelf fungi, Puffballs

Examples of Basidiomycota?

Protists, intracellular parasites, dangerous to humans.

What are microsporidia?

Militaris and sinensis

What are the two types of cordyceps we examined in the lab?

Which of the following is NOT a property of fungi?

Prokaryotic

______________ are specialized hyphae that can penetrate host cells and absorb nutrients.

Haustoria

What is the largest phylum of fungi?

Ascomycota

Slit-like structures found beneath the cap of a typical mushroom are known as ______________.

Gills

Lichens with leaflike thalli that overlap, forming a scaly, lobed body, are known as ______________.

Foliose

Most fungi have cell walls composed of ______________.

Chitin

What connects the mushrooms in a fairy ring below the ground?

A thick network of mycelium.

Meiosis in the life cycle of a zygomycete occurs in the ______________.

Sporangia

Which is not a basidiomycete?

Black bread mold

False

T/F Basidiospores are asexual spores produced on peg-like sterigma on a club-shaped basidium.

Cutting through a cap of a mushroom exposes gill tissue. What is seen when scrapings from gill tissue are placed on a slide under the microscope?

Club-shaped basidia and basidiospores

Lichens are a symbiotic relationship between ascomycetes and ______________.

Green algae or cyanobacteria

What role do lichens play in the environment?

All of the above

______________ are the multicellular fruiting structures of ascomycetes, which produce sexual spores.

Ascocarps

Lichens are sensitive to ______________.

Air pollution

Name the phylum to which this species belongs.

Ascomycota

What occurs when a sporangiospore of a zygomycete lands on a slice of bread?

All of the above

The role of the fungus in a mycorrhizal relationship is that of ______________.

Helping the plant take in phosphate and other nutrients

Which of the following is a characteristic of jellyfish?

A and C

Which class is also called “flower animals”?

Anthozoa

The word Porifera comes from a Latin word that means ______________.

Pore-bearer

A medusa is often described as ______________.

an umbrella-shaped body with tentacles that hang down

While swimming in the ocean, you feel a sting on your leg from a Portuguese man-of-war. The sting was caused by ______________.

nematocysts

While exploring, you discover a hydrozoan called Hydra sp. Where did you find the Hydra sp.?

Pond

Earthworms are monoecious, meaning _______________.

they possess both male and female organs

Name this thick walled muscular structure found in the earthworm.

Gizzard

Diploblastic animals have which germ layers?

Ectoderm and endoderm.

The central cavity of a sponge , the ______________, is lined with ______________.

spongocoel, choanocytes

What are the two clades of protostomes?

Ecdysozoa and Lophotrochozoa.

Which class of the Platyhelminthes consists of the parasitic flukes?

Trematoda

Which of the following is TRUE of flatworms?

All of the above

Insects vary from other arthropods by having _______________.

two pairs of wings and three pairs of legs

Which of the following have bodies divided into a head, thorax, and abdomen?

A and C

Millipedes are ________________.

B and C

Ecdysis is the process of _____________.

molting

A radula is present in which mollusc?

A and C

What class of molluscs provides us with our seafood dinners of clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops?

Class Bivalvia.

This is the ventral surface of what organism?

Chiton

The visceral mass region of a mollusc contains which of the following?

Digestive, respiratory, circulatory, and reproductive systems.

Members of phylum Nematoda live in which of the following environments?

All of the above

Name this structure in the crayfish.

Mandible

What is the function of pleopods in crustaceans?

Swimming

Which pairing of arthropods does not belong in the same subphylum?

Centipede and scorpion.

Which of the following is a characteristic of a nematode?

A and B.

Echinoderms have ____________ symmetry.

Radial

Which class of the superclass Gnathostomata is characterized by cartilaginous skeletons?

Chondrichthyes.

What is the largest and most diverse chordate group?

Osteichthyes

Where does water enter the vascular system of a starfish/sea star?

Madreporite.

Which of the following is NOT true of a starfish/sea star?

A notochord runs along the dorsal midline.

A lateral line system in many fishes serves to detect ______________.

Vibrations.

The brains of vertebrates form at the _______________ end of the nerve cord.

Anterior

Cnidaria

What phylum does this specimen belong in?

Ancient fungi, aquatic decomposers

What makes up Chytridiomycota​?

Bread molds

What makes up Zygomycota?

Platyhelminthes

Which phylum has flatworms?

Mycorrihizae, mutualists

What make up Glomeromycota?

Truffles, morels, yeast, penicillium

What makes up Ascomycota?

Mushrooms, shelf fungi and puffballs

What makes up Basidiomycota?

Yes. Porifera, no symmetry

Is this an animal? Name the phylum and symmetry

4

How many feet do tetrapods have?

Yes

Are snakes tetrapods?

Ray-Finned (“bony”) Fishes​

Actinopterygii

Lobe-finned Fishes​. What tetrapods evolved from​.

Sarcopterygii

Dipnoi

What order of the classes of fish make up the lung fishes?

Two lives

What does amphibian mean?

Organisms that gain heat from external surroundings.

What are ectotherms?

The amniotic egg

What do reptiles and aves possess that is unique to them?

Amphibians are dependent on water to ______________.

Lay eggs

Name the anatomical feature shown on the image of the deep viscera and associated structures.

Spleen

Name the anatomical feature shown on the image of the ventral view of the viscera.

Kidney

Mammals can be distinguished from other tetrapods by the presence of?

All of the above

Mammals and reptiles share this derived feature that distinguishes them from amphibians:

Amniotic eggs

Which of the following groups shares the most features with (and is most closely related to) birds?

Reptiles

Protostomes, Deuterostomes

In ______, the blastopore gives rise to the mouth and in _______, the blastopore gives rise to the anus.

Which of the following are characteristics not found in the phylum Echinodermata?

A body wall containing an endoskeleton of calcareous ossicles with surface spines.

Which of the following are found in the class Chondrichthyes?

B and C

Members of the subclass Actinopterygii make up 95% of vertebrate species and have the following characteristics: __________________.

All of the above

What evidence links echinoderms, hemichordates, and chordates?

All of the above

Poison, crypsis, thorns, spines, trichomes, idioblasts, mutualism

What are the plant defensive compounds?

Foliose, Fruticose, Crustose

What are the three types of lichens?

Radula, used for eating by breaking down food particles

What is this and what is it used for?