1.2 Major Divisions of CNS

dura, arachnoid, and pia mater

The protective covering of the spinal cord, the meninges, is formed by ____, _____, ______.

Arachnoid space

The space between the arachnoid and pia membranes is called the

vertebral canal

The spinal cord is situated within the ________ of the vertebral column and is surrounded by three meninges

three meninges

The spinal cord is situated within the vertebral canal of the vertebral column and is surrounded by ________

medulla oblongata

The spinal cord is roughly cylindrical and begins superiorly at the foramen magnum in the skull, where it is continuous with the ________ of the brain.

Filum terminale

a prolongation of the pia mater

31 pairs of spinal nerves

Along the entire length of the spinal cord, _________ are attached by the anterior or motor roots and the posterior or sensory roots

gray

The spinal cord is composed of an inner core of ____ matter,

white

The spinal cord is composed of an outer core of_____ matter,

H

The gray matter is seen on cross section as an __-shaped pillar with anterior and posterior gray columns, or horns, united by a thin gray commissure containing the small central canal.

Brainstem

Collective term (for the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain) is what remains

after the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum are removed.

Hindbrain

comprises the medulla oblongata, the pens, and the cerebellum

Medulla Oblongata

is conical in shape and connects the pons superiorly to the spinal cord inferiorly

nuclei

Medulla Oblongata contains many collections of neurons, called _____, and serves as a conduit for ascending and descending nerve fibers.

Pons

is situated on the anterior surface of the cerebellum, inferior to the midbrain and superior to the medulla oblongata

vermis

Cerebellum consists of two laterally placed hemispheres connected by a median portion, the _______

peduncles

The________ are composed of large bundles of nerve fibers connecting the cerebellum to the remainder of the nervous system.

cortex

The surface layer of each cerebellar hemisphere is called the _____ and is composed of gray matter .

dentate nucleus

Certain masses of gray matter are found in the interior of the cerebellum, embedded in the white matter; the largest of these is known as the _____

fourth ventricle

The medulla oblongata, the pons, and the cerebellum surround a cavity filled with CSF, called the ___________

Midbrain

is the narrow part of the brain that connects the forebrain to the hindbrain

cerebral aqueduct

The narrow cavity of the midbrain is the ________, which connects the third and fourth ventricles. The midbrain contains many nuclei and bundles of ascending and descending nerve fibers.

Forebrain

comprises the diencephalon (between brain), which is the central part of the forebrain, and the cerebrum.

Diencephalon

It consists of a dorsal thalamus and a ventral hypothalamus

Thalamus

is a large, egg-shaped mass of gray matter that lies on either side of the third ventricle.

Cerebrum

The largest part of the brain, consists of two cerebral hemispheres, which are connected by a mass of white matter called the corpus callosum

cortex

The surface layer of each hemisphere, the______, is composed of gray matter.

gyri

aka folds

sulci

aka fissures

basal nuclei or ganglia

Within the hemisphere is a central core of white matter containing several large masses of gray matter, the ____________.

corona radiata

A fan-shaped collection of nerve fibers, the _________ , passes in the white matter to and from the cerebral cortex to the brainstem.

caudate nucleus

The tailed nucleus situated on the medial side of the internal capsule is the _______

lentiform nucleus

The lens-shaped nucleus on the lateral side of the internal capsule is the ____________

lateral ventricle

Within each cerebral hemisphere is a cavity called the _________

interventricular foramina

The lateral ventricles communicate with the third ventricle through the _______________.

brain

Unlike the spinal cord, the______ is composed of an inner core of white matter, which is surrounded by an outer covering of gray matter.