CH 12 Honors History 8

U.S. History

Nullify

To declare a law invalid or void, often used in the context of states refusing to enforce federal laws.

Secede

To withdraw formally from an organization, alliance, or political entity, particularly in the context of a state leaving the United States.

Caucus

A meeting of members of a political party to select candidates or decide policy.

Mudslinging

The use of insults and accusations to damage an opponent's reputation during a political campaign.

Laissez-faire

Laid back, let the people do as they please, less government regulations, Presidents should know when to be and when to be involved.

John Quincy Adams

6th president, part of a backroom deal, the bargain was held over his head, wants natives, African, and women's rights. Wanted better roads, canals, and a national university

Andrew Jackson

7th president grew up poor, known as “Old Hickory”, a self-made man, and war hero, won in a landslide, and extended voting rights to factory workers and sharecroppers. Implemented spoils system and fired Bureacrats. Elected for a second term, but faced criticism for his policies and conflicts with the Bank of the United States. Made nominating convention, hated Natives. Led Indian removal act

Henry Clay

Lost election to Polk, no one voted for clay in first election because of corrupt bargain, said no to Indian removal act, hated Jackson, Secretary of state, speaker for house of representatives, represented Kentucky, and a favorite son.

William H. Crawford

A prominent politician and presidential candidate in the early 19th century, served as Secretary of War and Secretary of the Treasury. He was a key figure in the Democratic-Republican Party and ran against Adams, Jackson, and Clay in the 1824 election.

John C. Calhoun

Vice president, hated tariffs, Southern plantation owner, goes to South Carolina to nullify Jackson’s tariff bill. Threatened to secede from U.S. Wanted slavery.

Martin Van Buren

The eighth president of the United States, a key organizer of the Democratic Party, served as vice president under Jackson, laissez-faire during panic which was not smart, established Federal treasury, thought he was a genius, democratic-republican party was divided.

William Henry Harrison

9th president, “Tippecanoe and Tyler too”, campaigned acting like Andrew Jackson making himself look like a huge war hero, delivered 2 hour speech in freezing cold without a coat and got sick ending in his death 32 days later. Shortest Term that was served by a president.

John Tyler

Vice president, took over when Harrison died, 10th president, made decisions not following the Whig party, Whig’s don’t nominate again.

The Cherokee

5 civilized tribe, separate nations, had their own alphabet and schools, were forced to move in Indian Removal Act, went to court with Georgia and won, Signed the act without chief or officials present, signed a petition to remove the Act, rounded up the trail of tears, many died on the journey, affected by the removal act the most.

Black Hawk

War Chief and leader of Sauk tribe in Midwest. A part of the Indian removal act

The election of 1824 (Adams, Jackson, Crawford, Clay)

The election of 1824 (Adams, Jackson, Crawford, Clay)

Election of 1828 (Adams and Jackson?

Jackson wins, mudslinging, made stuff up about Adams because he was squeaky clean, Adams made Jackson very mad when he was talking about his wife

Election of 1836 (Van Buren, Harrison)

National Republicans became Whigs, Martin Van Buren won, Jackson didn’t run

Election of 1840 (Van Buren and Harrison)

Harrison campaigned as Jackson, Ha