Introduction to Mixtures, Solutions, and Solubility

Vocabulary flashcards covering uniform and non-uniform mixtures, components of a solution, types of solutions, and solubility based on the lecture transcript.

Uniform Mixture

A mixture in which components are evenly distributed throughout, are not visible separately, and maintain identical properties like taste, colour, and texture throughout.

Non-uniform Mixture

A mixture in which components are unevenly distributed, are visible separately, and have properties like taste, colour, and texture that change from region to region.

Solution

A uniform or homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

Solute

The substance that gets dissolved in a solution, usually present in a smaller quantity.

Solvent

The substance in which the solute dissolves, usually present in the largest quantity or highest amount in a solution.

Solid-liquid Solution

A solution formed when a soluble solid substance dissolves in a liquid substance.

Liquid-liquid Solution

A solution formed by mixing two or more liquids, where substances present in smaller quantities are solutes and the substance in the largest quantity is the solvent.

Gaseous Solution

A solution formed by gases mixing together, such as air.

Air (as a solution)

A gaseous solution in which Nitrogen (which forms about $78\%$ of air) acts as the solvent, and gases like oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, and water vapour act as solutes.

Solubility

The maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a fixed quantity of solvent at a specific temperature.