Oral Anatomy - Bone, Cartilage, and Joints

Vocabulary flashcards covering bone structure, types of bone, periosteum, bone marrow, cartilage, and joint classifications based on the Chapter 7 lecture notes.

Bone

The hard connective tissue making up most of the human skeleton, composed of organic (cells and matrix) and inorganic (mineral) components.

Inorganic Component of Bone

Minerals, mainly calcium and phosphate, that give rigidity to bone and act as a mineral reservoir to maintain essential blood mineral concentrations.

Periosteum

A specialized connective tissue covering all bones of the body that is responsible for the life of the bone and capable of repair.

Outer Layer of Periosteum

A network of dense connective tissue containing blood vessels.

Inner Layer of Periosteum

A layer of loose connective tissue containing osteoblasts.

Compact Bone

Hard, dense, and very strong bone that forms the outer layer of bone where strength is needed.

Cancellous Bone

Bone located in the interior of bones that is lighter in weight and not as strong as compact bone.

Trabeculae

Bony spicules in cancellous bone that form a mesh of intercommunicating spaces filled with bone marrow, appearing as a weblike structure on radiographs.

Red Marrow

Bone marrow filled with blood vessels that produces red and white blood cells and platelets.

Yellow Marrow

Bone marrow containing mainly fat cells, found primarily in the shafts of long bones.

Cartilage

A tough, nonvascular connective tissue that is more elastic than bone, found where bones join together and giving form to the nose and ears.

Joints

Areas where two bones come together.

Fibrous Joints

Joints that do not move, such as the sutures of the skull.

Cartilaginous Joints

Joints made of connective tissue and cartilage, such as those between the bones of the vertebrae.

Synovial Joints

Movable joints that account for most of the joints in the body.