Science Finals 🧬🔬🧫🧪

Waves are disturbances that transmit_____from one place to another

Energy

As the wavelength increases the frequency

Decreases

What can separate and recombine different colours of light

Prism

What is white light

A mixture of many different wavelengths or colours of light

How does light travel

In a straight line

Transparent

Lets light pass fully

Translucent

Partially lets light through

Opague

Doesn’t let light pass through

Highest point of a wavelength

Crest

Lowest point of a wavelength

Trough

Height of wave rest to crest or rest to trough

Amplitude

Curved outward

Convex

Curved inward

Concave

The law of reflection states

The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection

Mirror Shapes

Plane, Concave (curved in), Convex (curved out)

Specialized light vision

Rods

To see colour

Cones

Blurted vision caused by an irregularly shaped cornea

Astigmatism

Two parts involved in forming the image into the retina

Cornea and lens

What are the basic units of life

Cells

What tool is used to study tiny living things

Microscope (electron or compound)

Three basic parts of a cell

Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, Genetic Info (Dna)

Which theory states cells are the basic unit of life

Cell Theory

Infectious diseases are caused by

Pathogens

Which system attacks pathogens

The immune system

1st line of defence to keep pathogens out

Mucus, Hairs, Sweats, Oils, skin, Stomach acid

2nd Line of defence

White blood cells, B and T cells (helper and killer T)

What are Vaccines?

Dead, Weakened pathogens or mRNA so the body makes antibodies against the specific pathogen

What are allergies

Unusually high sensitivities to substances other can tolerate

Extreme Allergies can lead to

Anaphylactic shock

What’s smaller - Virus or Bacteria?

Virus

Storage compartment for water & wastes

Vacuole

Traps energy from sun to make food for plants

Chloroplasts

Controls all activities of the cell; contains DNA

Nucleus

Powerhouse of the cell

Mitochondria

Sorts & packages proteins into vesicles

Golgi Body

Contains digestive chemical to break down particles such as food, wastes and worn-out cell parts

Lysosome

Where proteins are made

Ribosomes

Transportation network of cells

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Controls what enters & leaves the cell; is semi-permeable

Cell membrane

Formula for Density

Mass over volume

How are elements arranged into familes

Chemical properties

How many groups and periods

18 groups and 7 periods

What is K.M.T

Matter is made up of tiny particles in constant movement with spaces between them

What’s the smallest unit of matter

Atoms

Atoms can be broken into

Subatomic and fundamental particles

State changes that add heat

Sublimation melting and evaporation

State changes that involve cooling

Deposition freezing condensation

What’s thermal expansion

When the particles move quicker and expand due to heat getting added

What’s thermal contraction

When the particles slow down and move together due to having less heat and cooling

Name of earth together

Pangaea

Evidence to support the super continent theory

Fossils glaciers and rock types and coal deposits

Layers of earth from the surface

Crust mantle outer core inner core

What are convection currents

Heating and cooling of magma in the mantle that rise and fall due to different densities

Earthquake procedure

Duck cover hold

What type of plate boundary is the m.a.r

Diverging

Three types of plate interactions

Converge, Diverge, Transform

What’s sea floor speading

When two plate boundaries diverge and magma from the mantle seeps out to form new rock in the ocean

What type of plate interaction is the Eurasian and pacific plate doing

Converging (subduction)

Energy releases from built up tension in plate interactions

Earthquakes