pKas of Amino Acid Side Chains

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16 Terms

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Arginine

12.5 (most basic)

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Histine

6.0 (near neutral physiological pH)

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Lysine

10.5 (basic physiological pH)

4
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Glutamic Acid

4.3 (acidic physiological pH)

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Aspartic Acid

3.9 (acidic physiological pH)

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Amino Group

9.0

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Carboxyl Group

2.0

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when pH < 9.0

NH3+

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when pH > 9.0

NH2

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when pH < 2.0

COOH

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when pH > 2.0

COO-

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Acidic r-groups (Aspartic Acid and Glutamic Acid)

deprotonated COO- above pKa (~4.0)

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Basic r-groups (Histine, Lysine, Arganine)

protonated NH3+/NH+ below pKa (~10-12)

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Low pH (acidic conditions)

amino acids tend to be fully protonated

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High pH (basic conditions)

amino acids tend to be fully deprotonated

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Near physiological pH (neutral conditions)

amino acids exist in their zwitterionic forms (NH3+ and COO-)