Studied by 0 people
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Racial Profiling
a term referring to the discriminatory practice by police of targeting individuals for arrest, questioning, searching, and so on purely on the basis of his or her race, ethnicity, religion, or national origin
Community policing
a style of policing in which police patrol neighborhoods on foot and try to help their residents solve community problems
Smart policing
emphasizes the use of data and analytics as well as improved crime analysis, performance, measurement, and evaluation research
Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED)
a way to use the environment in order to reduce the fear and incidence of crime and improve the quality of life
Repeat victimization
the occurrence of a particular crime towards the same people and places
Problem-analysis triangle
a tool that helps officers visualize a problem and understand the relationship between an offender, a location, and a victim
Scanning, analysis, response, assessment (SARA)
a four stage problem solving process that includes identifying and solving problems, forming tailor-made strategies, and evaluating overall effectiveness
Police-community relations
the relationship between local police and the communities they protect and serve
Problem-oriented policing
a strategy wherein police analyze crime and disorder and develop tailor-made responses to it
Polygraph examiner
one with specialized training and education for use of a polygraph as well as the use of carefully constructed questioning techniques
Bertillon system
an early criminal identification/classification system based on the idea that certain aspects of the human body, such as skeletal size, ear shape, and eye color, remain the same after a person has reached full physical maturity. It used a combination of photographs with standardized physical measurements
Medical examiner
one who is trained in medicine and works for a unit of government to perform autopsies of persons who have died from unnatural causes, and determine cause of death
Interviewing
police questioning of someone in order to obtain personal information, different from an interrogation, which focuses on a particular crime
Investigative stages
preliminary investigation, continuing investigation, reconstruction of the crime, and focus of the investigation
Locard’s exchange principle
a theory that when any person comes into contact with an object or other person, a cross transfer of evidence will occur
Combined DNA Index Systems (CODIS)
a database of DNA profiles obtained from subjects convicted of serious felonies. Investigators can search and compare evidence from their cases against the system’s extensive national file
Modus operandi
method of operation
Crime Scene
the physical area in which a crime is thought to have occurred and in which evidence of the crime is thought to reside
Psycholinguistics
provides an understanding of those who use criminal coercion and strategies for dealing with threats
Detective
An officer specifically assigned to investigative duties
Criminalistics
the science of crime detection, referring to the examination of physical evidence of a crime such as footprints, weapons, and bloodstains
Dactylography
the process of identifying fingerprints
Anthropometry
an early study of body measurements for personal identification of the human body, specifically to characterize persons arrested for crimes
Polygraph examination
a controversial process of monitoring changes in skin resistance, blood pressure, pulse rate, and breathing that determine whether a person is lying during questioning
Forensic science
the part of science used to answer legal questions by examining, evaluating, and explaining physical evidence
Criminal profiling
an investigative tool used by investigators to identify likely suspects based on known patterns, which can predict future offenses and/or victims
Interrogation
the information gathering activity of police officers that involves the direct questioning of suspects
Post conviction testing
testing the DNA of inmates to see if there is any evidence from which DNA can be extracted that coil potentially prove their innocence
Cold cases
unsolved crimes that can be later re examined in search for new information, witness testimony, and/or evidence
Corpus delicti
the “body of the crime,” it is the foundation of the offense - not only a possible corpse, but any form of evidence that may be used to prove that a crime occurred
Grievance
a formal complaint that covers a range of issues
Contract services
the hiring of outside firms or individuals by the individual or company to provide security services for a fee
Collective bargaining
the formal recognition of employee organizations and their right to negotiate with management regarding workplace issues
Job action
an activity in which employees engage to express their dissatisfaction with a particular person, event, or condition or to attempt to influence the outcome of some matter pending before decision makers
Proprietary services
in-house security services, directly hired and controlled by the company or organization
Private police
private officials who consider security threats, monitor alarms, prevent and detect fraud, conduct investigations, patrol private property, perform other related tasks
Stress
a force that is external in nature that causes strain upon the body, both physical and emotional
Peace officer bill of rights
the legislation that confers on police employees a property interest in their position and mandates due process rights for peace officers who are subject of internal investigations that could lead to disciplinary action
Employee assistance program (EAP)
a program help officers cope with alcohol and substance abuse, psychological problems, or other issues caused by or affecting their work
Millennials
individuals born roughly between 1982 and 2000
Labor relations
the employment rights and the related concepts of unionization and collective bargaining
Higher education
education beyond the secondary level; often debated as to its value for police officers
Fair labor standards act (FLSA)
an act providing minimum pay and overtime provisions for public and private sector employees and contains special provisions for police officers
Homeostasis
how the body strives to maintain its normal state, relatively free from stress
Impasse
when parties bargaining in good faith are not able to resolve their differences by themselves
