Gen Chem 1 Dr. Sumner

All Day 2 Definitions

Methane

CH₄

Ethane

CH₃CH₃(C₂H₆)

Propane

CH₃CH₂CH₃(C₃H₈)

Butane

CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃(C₄H₁₀)

CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃(C₅H₁₂)

Pentane

CH₃(CH₂)₄CH₃(C₆H₁₄)

Hexane

CH₃(CH₂)₅CH₃(C₇H₁₆)

Heptane

CH₃(CH₂)₆CH₃(C₈H₁₈)

Octane

Nonane

CH₃(CH₂)₇CH₃(C₉H₂₀)

CH₃(CH₂)₈CH₃(C₁₀H₂₂)

Decane

NH₄⁺

Ammonium

H₃O⁺

Hydronium

O₂^-2

Peroxide

OH^-

Hydroxide

CH₃COO^-

Acetate

CN^-

Cyanide

N₃^-

Azide

CO₃^-2

Carbonate

-ate

Higher number of oxygen

-ite

Lower number of oxygen

Bicarbonate

HCO₃^-

Nitrate

NO₃^-

Nitrite

NO₂^-

Sulfate

SO₄^-2

Hydrogen Sulfate

HSO₄^-

Sulfite

SO₃^-2

Hydrogen Sulfite

HSO₄^-

Phosphate

PO₄^-3

Hydrogen Phosphate

HPO₄^-2

Dihydrogen Phosphate

H₂PO₄^-

Perchlorate

ClO₄^-

Chlorate

ClO₃^-

Chlorite

ClO₂^-

Hypochlorite

ClO^-

Chromate

CrO₄^-2

Dichromate

Cr₂O₇^-2

Permanganate

MnO₄^-

Ionic Compounds

Consist of ions, atoms, or groups of atoms that bear a positive or negative electronic charge. An element has either lost or gained electrons, turning them into either a cation (+) or anion (-).

Covalent Compounds

Share electrons, thus use the prefix naming system. Always has a net charge of 0.

Mono

1

Do

2

Tri

3

Tetra

4

Penta

5

Hexa

6

Hepta

7

Octa

8

Nina

9

deca

10