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What is the best definition of agriculture?
The deliberate effort to modify a portion of Earth's surface through the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock for subsistence or economic gain.
Which characteristic is associated with subsistence agriculture?
Crops are grown primarily for local consumption rather than for sale.
What is a likely outcome in a region practicing commercial agriculture?
Large-scale production of crops for global markets.
Where is shifting cultivation most commonly practiced?
The rainforests of Southeast Asia.
What was a key aspect of the first agricultural revolution?
The domestication of plants and animals.
What does the term 'green revolution' refer to?
The increase in agricultural productivity due to the use of new technology, such as genetically modified organisms and chemical fertilizers.
What is the primary focus of commercial agriculture?
Growing crops for export.
What characterizes pastoral nomadism?
Raising animals for food and other products while moving seasonally.
What defines intensive subsistence agriculture?
The cultivation of crops on small plots of land with a large labor force.
What was the main reason for the development of agriculture in the Fertile Crescent?
The fertile soil and favorable climate for crop cultivation.
What defines the nucleated settlement pattern?
A compact arrangement with buildings grouped closely together.
What type of survey method divides land commonly used in the United States?
Township and range system.
Which region is the primary center of the Second Agricultural Revolution?
Western Europe.
What is a criticism of the Green Revolution?
It caused severe environmental degradation and loss of biodiversity.
What distinguishes Mediterranean agriculture?
It is influenced by a climate with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters.
What primary factor influences the spatial organization of fresh produce in urban areas?
Transportation costs and land value.
What is characteristic of plantation agriculture?
It is primarily found in tropical regions like the Caribbean and parts of Latin America.
What agricultural practice is most common in tropical wet climates?
Rice farming.
How does intensive subsistence farming in East and South Asia generally operate?
High labor input and small farm sizes.
What societal shift did the Second Agricultural Revolution contribute to?
Increased urbanization.
How did the Green Revolution affect farmers?
Wealthier farmers benefited more than poorer farmers, leading to increased social inequality.
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