Elimination: Urinary and Bowel Management

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms, normal/abnormal findings, and clinical procedures related to urinary and bowel elimination.

Micturition

The process of emptying the bladder.

Enuresis

Involuntary urination; specifically mentioned in children as bedwetting or occurring around the ages of $2$ to $3$ years old.

Hematuria

The presence of blood in the urine.

Nocturia

Frequent or excessive urination during the night, often associated with aging.

Urinary retention

The inability to completely empty the bladder; seen in aging and specific medical conditions.

Nephrotoxic

Substances or medications that are capable of causing kidney damage.

Oliguria

The production of abnormally small amounts of urine.

Polyuria

The production of abnormally large volumes of dilute urine.

Pyuria

The presence of pus in the urine, often indicating infection.

Urinary Incontinence

The involuntary loss of urine.

Specific Gravity

A measurement of the concentration of urine; the normal range is $1.015$ to $1.025$.

Urinary pH

The measure of acidity or alkalinity in urine; the normal value is approximately $6.0$.

Suprapubic catheter

A urinary drainage device inserted through the abdominal wall into the bladder using a removable trocar cannula.

Ileal Conduit

A type of urinary diversion where the bladder is removed and a segment of the ileum is used to create a stoma for urine excretion.

Ileocecal valve

The structure located between the ileum (the final part of the small intestine) and the large intestine.

Valsalva Maneuver

A technique evaluated during the assessment of the anus and rectum involving forced exhalation against a closed airway.

Steatorrhea

An abnormal stool characteristic consisting of excessive fat, making it appear greasy or bulky.

Enema

A method of emptying the colon of feces, classified into types such as cleansing, retention, large volume, and small volume.

Oral intestinal lavage

A method used to empty the colon of feces via an oral solution.

Sigmoid Colostomy

A bowel diversion where the discharge is firm.

Descending Colostomy

A bowel diversion where the discharge is firm.

Transverse Colostomy

A bowel diversion where the discharge is semi-solid and unpredictable.

Ascending Colostomy

A bowel diversion where the discharge is very liquid.

Ileostomy

A bowel diversion located in the ileum where the discharge is liquid.

Stoma

An artificial opening on the abdominal wall for waste elimination; should stabilize in size within $6$ to $8$ weeks.