Gen Chem exam 1

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Last updated 6:08 AM on 9/17/26
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81 Terms

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H

Hydrogen

2
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Li

Lithium

3
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Na

Sodium

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K

Potassium

5
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Be

Beryllium

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Mg

Magnesium

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Ca

Calcium

8
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Ti

Titanium

9
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Cr

Chromium

10
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Mn

Manganese

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Fe

Iron

12
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Co

Cobalt

13
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Ni

Nickel

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Cu

Copper

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Ag

Silver

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Au

Gold

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Z

Zinc

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Cd

Cadmium

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Hg

Mercury

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B

Boron

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Al

Aluminium

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C

Carbon

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Si

Silicon

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Sn

Tin

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Pb

Lead

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N

Nitrogen

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P

Phosphorus

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O

Oxygen

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S

Sulfur

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F

Flourine

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Cl

Chlorine

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Br

Bromine

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I

Iodine

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He

Helium

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Ne

Neon

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Ar

Argon

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Period

Rows of Periodic Table

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Group

Columns of Periodic Table

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Metal properties

Conduct heat and electricity

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Non-metal properties

Don’t conduct; are insulators

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Metalloid Properties

Semiconductors

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How are elements arranged

Atomic number

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Atom defintion

Smallest form of an element that is still the element

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Nucleus defintion

Contains all neutrons and protons, most of atoms mass, small

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Electron cloud definition

Contains all of electrons, most of atom size, mostly empty

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Electron orbitals

S (sphere), P (figure 8), D (double figure 8)

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Valence electron

Goes left to right increasing on periodic table

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Isotope

An atom with the same amount of protons but a different amount of neutrons

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How to tell which kind of isotope is more common

The closer the mass is to the average mass, the more common it is

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Ion

Atom with a charge

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Lewis structure

1 dot per valence electron

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How many electrons do main group elements like to have (Octet rule)

8; He likes 2, Groups 1+2 like 0

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Transition metal charge

Always positive

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Charges in order of groups (not transition metals)

+1, +2, +3, +4/-4, -3, -2, -1, 0

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Add “__” to anion when naming

ide

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What are transition metal charges written as

Roman numerals; Silver is always +1

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NH₄⁺

Ammonium

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OH-

Hydroxide

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NO3-

Nitrate

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NO2-

Nitrite

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HCO3-

Bicarbonate

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CN-

Cyanide

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SO42-

Sulfate

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SO32-

Sulfite

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CO32-

Carbonate

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PO43-

Phosphate

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Mega (M)

106

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kilo (k)

103

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deci (d)

10-1

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centi (c)

10-2

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milli (m)

10-3

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micro (μ)

10-6

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nano (n)

10-9

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Density =

mass/volume

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1 mile

1.6km

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2.2 lbs

1 kg

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1 inch

2.54 cm

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1 gallon

3.78 L

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1 carat

200 mg

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Gas → Solid

Deposition

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Solid → Gas

Sublimation