Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology: Tissues

A set of fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering the four basic tissue types, their classifications, specific cell types, and tissue membranes based on the lecture notes.

__________ is defined as the study of tissues.

Histology

The four basic types of tissue are Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and __________.

Nervous

Epithelial cells are anchored to each other and underlying tissues by a __________.

basement membrane

__________ epithelial cells are described as flat and irregularly shaped, often functioning in protection.

Squamous

__________ epithelial cells are cube-shaped and line kidney tubules.

Cuboidal

__________ epithelial cells are tall and rectangular, often found lining the digestive tract.

Columnar

An arrangement of epithelium that appears to be several layers but is actually only one is called __________.

pseudostratified

__________ epithelium consists of several layers of flexible cells that can stretch, commonly found in the urinary bladder.

Transitional

Unicellular glands that secrete mucus are known as __________.

goblet cells

__________ glands are ductless and secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Endocrine

The epithelium that lines the heart is specifically called __________.

endocardium

Connective tissue cells are surrounded by a large amount of intercellular material called __________.

matrix

The three types of fibers produced by connective tissue cells are collagen, elastin, and __________ fibers.

reticular

__________ are small, flattened cells in loose connective tissue that are active in the repair of injury and have the ability to form fibrils.

Fibroblasts

Large and mobile phagocytic cells that eat up debris and microorganisms are called __________.

macrophages

In __________ tissue, the matrix contains large lipid deposits that serve as a site for fuel storage and insulation.

adipose

Regular dense connective tissue forms __________, which attach skeletal muscle to bone.

tendons

Cartilage cells are specifically known as __________.

chondrocytes

Bone cells, or __________, sit in cavities called lacunae within a hard matrix of calcium and phosphorus salts.

osteocytes

The material that forms teeth and is harder and denser than bone is called __________.

dentin

The __________ layer of a serous membrane lines the walls of a body cavity, while the visceral layer covers the organ.

parietal

__________ membranes line the cavities of freely moving joints and secrete fluid to reduce friction.

Synovial

__________ muscle is nonstriated and involuntary, found in the walls of hollow organs like the digestive tract.

Smooth

Cardiac muscle cells connect at specialized junctions called __________.

intercalated disks

The rootlike extensions of a neuron that receive stimuli are called __________.

dendrites

Nervous tissue includes supporting cells called __________ that do not conduct electrical impulses.

neuroglia