Grade 10 Biology- 2.4 Chromosome Division

Cell division occurs for 3 reasons:

1. Growth- growing bones+muscles

2. Repair- new cells to repair damaged areas (broken bones+cuts)

3. Replacement- new cells need to replace dead cells (skin cells, stomach lining)

What are the 4 phases of mitosis?

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (PMAT)

What phase is this?

Prophase

What phase is this?

Metaphase

What phase is this?

Anaphase

What phase is this?

Telophase

Chromatins

Uncoiled/untwisted to be read for the ribosome to make proteins during interphase

Sister chromatids

DNA strands that are replicated or duplicated

Chromosomes

Strands of DNA that are tightly coiled or condensed during prophase

Centromere

A protein that holds the sister chromatids together

How many cells does one cell split into after mitosis?

2

What stage are DNA strands called chromatin?

Interphase

What stage are DNA strands called chromosomes?

Mitosis

What phase do DNA strands replicate and become sister chromatids?

Synthesis

What is the purpose of spindle fibres during mitosis?

To split up sister chromatids

What is the nuclear membrane after prophase do?

Breaks up

What is dividing during cytokinesis?

Cytoplasm

Prophase

Chromosomes are replicated- 2 sister chromatids

Metaphase

Centrioles send spindle fibres to attach to sister chromatids

Anaphase

Sister chromatids split from spindle fibres

Telophase

Nucleus divides into two