Clinical Nursing: Basic Care, Body Mechanics and Positioning

Body Mechanics and 3 main factors?

Body Mechanics: Efficient methods of moving and lifting.

Center of gravity, base of support, line of gravity.

Human's 3 main factors of body mechanics?

Human Center of Gravity: Pelvic Area.

-> Lifting: Bend knees and keep back straight.

Human Base Support: Feet

Human Line of Gravity: imaginary vertical line that passes through the body's center of gravity

Body alignment?

Body alignment: Essential to maintain balance.

All muscles work together for safe and efficient movement

Paraplegia VS Hemiplegia?

Paraplegia: PT paralyzed from waist down.

Hemiplegia: PT paralyzed on one side of the body.

Supine Poisiton

Supine: Lying on back, legs extended

Prone Position

Prone: Lying on abdomen

Sims Position

Sims: Lying on side, left with upper knee flexed.

Fowler Position

Fowler: Lying on back with head elevated.

Dorsal Lithotomy

Dorsal Lithotomy: Lying on back with feet in stirrups

Lateral Position

Lateral: Lying on side

Trendelenburg/Reverse Trendelen Burg Position

Trendelenburg: Head lying lower than feet.

Reverse Trendelenburg: Feet above head.

ROM, AROM, PROM?

ROM: Range of Motion.

Must consider PT ROM during positioning. Do not force joint movement.

PROM: Passive Range of Motion

AROM: Active Range of Motion

Isometric ROM

Isometric: Tighten/release muscle groups

Mobility devices?

Transfer Belt: Used to support unsteady PT.

Wheelchair

Canes (standard Straight-legged, Tripod, Quad)

Crutches