HY RNA viruses

INFLUENZA

Segmented negative-sense RNA.

Segmentation allows reassortment.

Antigenic drift

Small mutations.

→ seasonal epidemics.

Antigenic shift

Major reassortment.

→ pandemics.

respiratory syncytial virus

the leading cause of bronchiolitis/penumonia in infants ‘under one yr’

measles ‘the 3Cs’

cough, conjunctivitis, coryza ’inflammation of nostril’.

Koplik spot is pathognomonic for measles when white/white-bkuish spots inside cheeks.

_{Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), also known as Dawson disease, is a rare neurological condition that develops years after a person has had measles}

painful swelling of salivary glands due to highly contagious viral infection.

Mumps, cause parotitis, orchitis, pancreatitis and meningitis.

German measles.

Rubella or german measles, the virus cause facial rash and very mild on children but very dangerous on pregnant women due to congenital defects as cataracts, PDA and sensoneuronal loss

herpes virus 6/7

roseola rash appear after the sudden high fever drops and inflammation resolves. common on child

norovirus/rotavirus

both cause acute gastroenteritis, yet rota cause massive deadly diarrhea but luckily vaccination reduced it

TORCH

toxoplasmosis, other[_{syphilis, parvo,zika}], Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex virus. cause massive congenital defects as hydrops fetalis which is water accumulation in more than 2 compartments.

MMR vaccine

measles, mumps, rubella given in 12 month of age and 12year of age (2 doses for whole life)

Oseltamivir

inhibits neuraminidase.

used to treat influenza in people 2 weeks of age and older who have had flu symptoms for no more than 2 days. given to prevent influenza in people 1 year of age.