AP World History Terms & Concepts

Fill-in-the-blank practice flashcards covering vocabulary, states, empires, and key historical figures from the lecture transcript.

A vast organization in which appointed officials carried out the empire's policies is known as a __________.

Bureaucracy

In China, taking an exam based on Confucian text allowed for upward mobility in a system known as a __________.

Meritocracy

A set of economic changes in which people in rural areas made more goods than they could sell is called __________.

Proto industrialization

A fast-ripening and drought-resistant rice originating from Vietnam is known as __________.

Champa rice

An arrangement in which states like Japan, Korea, and Vietnam paid money or provided goods to honor the Chinese emperor is the __________.

Tribute system

__________ focused on personal spiritual growth through silent meditation and self discipline, and was strongest in Southeast Asia.

Theravada Buddhism

Focused on spiritual growth for all beings and on service, __________ was strongest in China and Korea.

Mahayana Buddhism

Evolving in China between 700 and 840, __________ was a syncretic system combining rational thought with abstract ideas of Buddhism and Daoism.

Neo-Confucianism

During the __________ (794-1185), Japan emulated Chinese traditions in politics, art, and literature.

Heian Period

Enslaved ethnic Turks who served as soldiers, seized control of the government, and prospered by trading cotton and sugar were the __________.

Mamluks

Muslim Turks who conquered parts of the Middle East extending to Western China and whose leader was called a Sultan were the __________.

Seljuk

In Baghdad, the renowned center of learning under the Abbasid empire was the __________.

House of Wisdom

__________ was a celebrated Islamic scholar who contributed to astronomy, law, ethics, math, philosophy, and medicine.

Nasir al Din al Tusi

The chief site of Islamic encounter with Christian Europe occurred in Spain at __________, portrayed as a place of harmony and tolerance.

al-Andalus

The __________ was a centralized Islamic empire spanning 5 dynasties that began with 2 brothers.

Delhi Sultanate

The __________ began with two brothers from north-central India who originally converted to Islam for upward mobility before establishing a Hindu kingdom.

Vijayanagara Empire

In Northern India, Hindu kingdoms that were constantly at war with one another and lacked a centralized government were the __________.

Rajput Kingdom

A victory tower located in New Delhi, India built of red sandstone and marble is the __________.

Qutub Minar

The __________ was a Hindu Kingdom based on Sumatra that prospered by charging fees on ships traveling between India & China.

Srivijaya Empire

A Buddhist kingdom based on Java that had 98 tributaries at its highest was the __________.

Majapahit Kingdom

Islamic mystics who adapted to local cultures and emphasized inner reflection to achieve a personal relationship with a deity were the __________.

Sufis

Called the 'Greeks of the new world', the __________ linked religion to astronomy and invented the concept of zero, rubber, a calendar, a telescope, and a writing system.

Maya

The __________ empire was split into 4 provinces, used the mita system, and built major roadways named Carpa Nan.

Inca

Known as the Mexicans, the __________ established their capital at Tenochtitlan and built the Great Pyramid.

Aztec

The rulers of __________ sold ivory to Muslim traders in exchange for salt, copper, cloth, and tools, with their capital city at Koumbi Saleh.

Ghana

At the end of the 13th century, a wall of stone 30ft by 15ft surrounded the capital of __________.

Great Zimbabwe

Storytellers who served as the conduits of history within a community were called __________.

Griots

A political system based on the exchange of land for loyalty is __________.

Feudalism

The __________ provided economic self-sufficiency and defense, limiting the need for trade as peasants produced everything needed in exchange for protection.

Manorial System

The __________ was a clear victory for Christendom in which Europe conquered Jerusalem.

1st Crusade

During the __________, Europeans failed to pay all dues, resulting in a fight that meant they never reached the promised land.

4th Crusade

The Silk Road merchant __________ stimulated European interest in mapmaking after his exhibition of the Mongols.

Marco Polo

The just and moral society of Islam is known as the __________.

Umma

An Islamic financial tax on permanent non-Muslim subjects (dhimmis) is called the __________.

Jizya

Under the __________, the Arab empire expanded, caliphs became hereditary rulers, and the capital moved to Damascus.

Umayyad Caliphate

With its capital at Baghdad, the __________ prospered as a flourishing Islamic civilization where non-Arabs played an important role.

Abbasid Caliphate

The body of Islamic law known as sharia was developed by religious scholars called the __________.

Ulama

A belief system that blended elements of Islam (devotion to one God) and Hinduism (karma & rebirth) is __________.

Sikhism

Featuring over 150 lower-level Quran schools, __________ was a major center of higher education.

Timbuktu

Located in the Eastern Roman Empire, the center of Christendom was the __________.

Byzantine Empire

The capital city of the Byzantine Empire was __________.

Constantinople

The main branch of Christianity in the Byzantine Empire that legitimized the authority of the emperor as God's anointed ruler was __________.

Eastern Orthodox Christianity

Stimulated by trade along the Dnieper River, __________ linked Scandinavia and Byzantium in modern-day Ukraine and Russia.

Kievan Rus

To unify his diverse region, __________ converted to Orthodox Christianity of the Byzantine Empire.

Prince Vladimir of Kiev

The ruler of the Carolingian Empire who standardized weights and measurements and built an embryonic imperial bureaucracy was __________.

Charlemagne

Limited to Germany, the __________ was a collection of quarreling principalities that failed to revive Roman imperial authority.

Holy Roman Empire