midterm reveiw bio

Unicellular

Unicellular

A single celled organism

Multicellular

Made up of more than one cell.

Motile

able to move

Sessile

fixed in one place; immobile

Autotrophic

make their own food

Heterotroph

An organism that cannot make its own food.

7 taxa in order

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Order from smallest to largest

individuals, populations, communities, ecosystems, and the biosphere

binomial nomenclature

Classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name

Example of binomial nomenclature

Homo sapiens (humans)

difference between a eukaryote and prokaryote

A eukaryote has a nucleus, a prokaryote doesn't

Why is a virus not considered living?

A virus is not made up of cells and it needs a host to reproduce.

Detrivore

a scavenger

One way carbon is removed from the atmosphere

Photosynthesis

Transpiration

Evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant

nitrogen fixation

Process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia

How does nitrogen fixation occur?

bacteria

SPONCH CaFe stands for

sulfur, phosphorus, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, calcium, iron

SPONCH CaFe make up the

most abundant elements in living things

Organic compounds contain

Carbon

Inorganic compounds do not contain

Carbon

Monomer

A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers

Polymer

A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together.

Protiens monomer

amino acids

Lipids monomer

glycerol and fatty acids

Carbohydrates monomer

monosaccharides

nucleic acid monomer

nucleotide

Peptide bond

Bonds that connect amino acids.

The names of enzymes mostly end in

-ase

The names of enzymes mostly end in

-ase

cell wall and chloroplast

only in plant cells

Cell wall is

Rigid/strong

Cell membrane is

thin, flexible

Vacuoles store

water, food, waste

All cells have

cell membrane, cytoplasm, chromosomes, ribosomes

Diffusion

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Osmosis

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Function of protiens in membrane

Help molecules travel around membrane

Phagocytosis

Cell eating

Pinocytosis

Cell drinking

Endocytosis

the process by which a cell takes material into the cell

Exocytosis

Process by which a cell releases material

Homeostasis

process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment

two types of nucleic acids

Succession

(ecology) the gradual and orderly process of change in an ecosystem brought about by the progressive replacement of one community by another until a stable climax is established

two types of nucleic acids

DNA and RNA

Why is a virus not considered living?

They are not made up of cells

Dehydration Synthesis

Larger molecules being created from a water molecule being removed