BIO 115 - Histology Flashcards

Vocabulary and slide identification practice flashcards for BIO 115 Histology Lab Exam #1.

Epithelial Tissue

A primary tissue type consisting of closely packed cells that cover body surfaces, line internal cavities and organs, and form glands.

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

A single layer of cube-shaped cells with round, central nuclei, specialized for secretion and absorption.

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

A single layer of cells of varying heights that appears stratified; features cilia on the apical surface to move mucus.

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Multiple cell layers with flattened surface cells, providing protection against abrasion and mechanical wear.

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Epithelium typically consisting of two layers of cube-shaped cells, providing protection in duct linings.

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Multiple layers of cells where superficial cells are columnar, providing protection and secretion in select regions.

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Transitional Epithelium

A specialized stratified tissue capable of stretching and changing shape, lining urinary structures.

Transitional Epithelium

Transitional Epithelium

Connective Tissues

A primary tissue class that supports, protects, binds, and insulates body organs, consisting of cells within an extracellular matrix.

Areolar Connective Tissue

A loose connective tissue containing fibroblasts, collagen, and elastic fibers that cushions organs and holds tissue fluid.

Areolar Connective Tissue

Areolar Connective Tissue

Reticular Connective Tissue

A loose connective tissue with a network of reticular fibers that forms a supportive framework (stroma) for lymphoid organs.

Reticular Connective Tissue

Reticular Connective Tissue

Adipose Tissue

A connective tissue composed predominantly of adipocytes storing lipid droplets, functioning in insulation and energy storage.

Adipose Tissue

Adipose Tissue

Dense Regular Connective Tissue

Connective tissue packed with parallel bundles of collagen fibers, providing high tensile strength in one direction.

Dense Regular Connective Tissue

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

Connective tissue featuring randomly arranged collagen fibers, providing structural strength against multidirectional tension.

Elastic Connective Tissue

Dense connective tissue rich in elastic fibers, allowing recoil after stretching in arteries and certain ligaments.

Elastic Connective Tissue

Elastic Connective Tissue

Hyaline Cartilage

A firm cartilage with a glossy, smooth matrix containing collagen microfibrils, supporting and reducing friction in joints.

Hyaline Cartilage

Hyaline Cartilage

Fibrocartilage

A shock-absorbing cartilage with thick, coarse collagen fibers arranged in parallel, resisting compression.

Fibrocartilage

Fibrocartilage

Elastic Cartilage

A flexible cartilage tissue containing abundant elastic fibers, maintaining shape and structure in flexible organs.

Elastic Cartilage

Bone

A rigid connective tissue with a calcified matrix arranged in osteons, serving to support and protect the body.

Bone

Bone

Blood

A fluid connective tissue consisting of cellular formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets) in liquid plasma.

Blood

Blood

Muscle Tissue

A primary tissue type composed of contractile cells specialized for movement and generating physical force.

Skeletal Muscle

Striated, voluntary muscle tissue consisting of long, cylindrical, multinucleated cells.

Skeletal Muscle

Skeletal Muscle

Cardiac Muscle

Striated, involuntary muscle tissue found in the heart walls, featuring branching cells, intercalated discs, and single nuclei.

Cardiac Muscle

Cardiac Muscle

Smooth Muscle

Non-striated, involuntary muscle tissue consisting of spindle-shaped cells with central nuclei, found in hollow organs.

Smooth Muscle

Smooth Muscle

Nervous Tissue

A primary tissue composed of neurons and supporting neuroglial cells, specialized for conducting electrical impulses.

Nervous Tissue

Nervous Tissue

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Location: Capillaries, alveoli, serous membrane

Function: diffusion, filtration, secretion

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Location: thyroid gland, kidney, ducts of glands

Function: absorption, Secretion

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Location: Lining of the digestive tract

Function: Absorbtion, secretion

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

Location: Respiratory tract

Function: Protection & secretion

Stratified Squamous Epithelium- Keratinized

Location: skin (dermis)

Function: Protection of underling tissues

Stratified squamous Epithelium -Nonkeratinized

Location: oral cavity, esophagus, anus, cervix, vagina, urethra

Function: Protection of underlying tissues

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Location: Ducts of sweat and salivary glands

Function: Protection

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Location: large salivary gland ducts, parts of the male urethra, conjunctive of the eye, nasopharynx.

Function: protection & secretion

Transitional Epithelium

Location: urinary system

Function: stretch & recoil

Areolar Connective Tissue

Function: surrounds and protects. Connects epithelia to deeper tissues

Location: Surrounding nerves, vessels, subcutaneous layer

Reticular Connective Tissue

Function: provides supportive framework

Location: spleen, liver, lymph nodes, Bone marrow

Adipose Tissue

Function: Stores energy, cushions organs, insulates

Location: subcutaneous layer; surrounding Kidneys, and selected other organs

Dense Regular Connective Tissue

Function: provide strength and flexibility in A single direction

Location: tendons and ligaments

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

Function: provides tensile strength and resist stress

Location: dermis and capsules of organs

Elastic Connective Tissue

Function: provides framework and supports organs

Location: found between vertebrae, vocal cords, walls of large arteries

Hyaline Cartilage

Located: End of bones, nose, tracheal rings

Function: most abundant type of cartilage, but the weakest. Forms pre-natal bones, provides support through flexibility

Fibrocartilage

Located: intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, and menisci of the knee

Formed by dense, interwoven collagen fibers. Extremely durable, can take large amounts of pressure

Elastic Cartilage

Located: epiglottis and ear

Contains a high concentration of densely packed elastin fibers, very resilient and flexible

Bone

Located: bones

Made up or organic and organic components. contain bone cells called osteocytes

Blood- Fluid Connective Tissue

Location: heart and blood vessels

Functions: transports respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, hormones and governs immune response

Skeletal Muscle

Voluntary

multi-nucleated

striated

long, cylindrical cans

Cardiac Muscle

Involuntary

One nucleus

Branched, striated fibers

Intercalated discs

Smooth Muscle

Involuntary

One nucleus

Non-striated

Short, thin, spindle shaped fibers (Pointed ends)

Nervous Tissue

Helps information transfer and integration in the body. Made of 2 primary cell types: neurons, glial cells.