TEAS Gap Topics

sections not covered in nurse cheung's video...

What are the four tissue types?

Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

What does epithelial tissue do?

Covers and lines body surfaces and organs — forms glands — acts as a barrier

What does connective tissue do?

Supports, binds, and connects structures — includes bone, cartilage, blood, fat, tendons

What is the biological organization hierarchy?

Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism

What is an organ?

Two or more tissue types working together to perform a specific function

What is an organ system?

A group of organs working together to perform a major body function

What do lymph nodes do?

Filter lymph fluid and house immune cells — swell during infection

What is the spleen?

Filters blood, removes old red blood cells, stores white blood cells — lymphatic and immune system

What is the thymus?

Where T cells mature — produces thymosin — shrinks with age

What do lymphatic vessels do?

Collect excess interstitial fluid from tissues and return it to the bloodstream

What is the universal blood donor type?

Type O negative — lacks A, B, and Rh antigens

What is the universal blood recipient type?

Type AB positive — has A, B, and Rh antigens

What is mitosis?

Produces two identical diploid daughter cells — used for growth and repair

What is meiosis?

Produces four haploid gametes — occurs in reproductive organs — reduces chromosome number by half

What is diploid?

Two complete sets of chromosomes — 46 in humans — all body cells except gametes

What is haploid?

One set of chromosomes — 23 in humans — gametes only

What is homeostasis?

The body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes

What is negative feedback?

Body detects a change and responds to reverse it and restore balance — example: blood glucose rises → insulin released → glucose drops

What is positive feedback?

Body amplifies a change rather than reversing it — example: uterine contractions intensify until delivery

What is erythropoiesis?

Production of red blood cells — occurs in red bone marrow — stimulated by erythropoietin from the kidneys