Explorers, Colonies, Imperialism, and Mercantilism

Two lenses

• 2 POV’s 

• Explorers and First Nations 

• Like a fight on the park⇾ 2 sides of the story

Explorers

• Explorers made maps

• Trying to discover a new land

Exploring ⇾ Invading

• Switches from exploring to invading when you take something from others

Voyagers

• Undertake long journeys

• Not looking for a new land

• Follow existing maps made by explorers to a land that already is discovered and exists

   What were the Europeans seeking?

• Asian Silk + Spices

• Needed new path to Asia

Supply and Demand

• Less Goods ; Higher prices

• More of something there is ;the less valuable it is, less of something there is ;the more valuable it is

Imperialism

• Claiming and controlling new territories 

• Colonizing

• Taking Land

• Exploiting resources 

• Powerful Nation is expanding to other regions

Contact with First Nations Peoples

• Mi’kmaq came into close contact with Europeans fishing on east coast of Canada

• Mi’kmaq traded as a way of making friends

• Europeans traded metal goods, Mi’kmaq traded furs  

Exploration

• John Cabot told Britain that there is cod in the sea, that much, you can scoop it up

• Cabot is exploring for England’s king

• Met Mi’kmaq + Beothuk

• Positive + Negative results

The Tragedy of the Beothuk

• Lived in Newfoundland

• Beothuk + Europeans = not good trading relationship 

• Europeans took their main food, fish

• Europeans gave them diseases

• Took lands with the best fishing spots from the Beothuk

• Europeans made the Beothuk go extinct 

French Explorers

• Jacques Cartier, Samuel de 

• Champlain 

• Establish colonies

  • Port-Royal Acadia

  • Quebec

Mercantilism 

• Mother countries getting rich from colonies

• Mother countries = in charge countries

• Mother countries benefit from their colonies

• Colonies lost precious resources + control

Colonies did not benefit in any way

13 Colonies

• Each colony had a separate government 

  • Britain controlled all 

  • Governor was head

  • Elected assemblies

• Region was protestant

• Used land to produce agriculture products for Britain

  • Produced rice, tobacco,wheat,cattle

• Tried to push First Nations away from their land 

  • Did not make partnerships

  • Did not try to convert First Nations to their religion  

New France 

• King is in charge 

  • New France is treated like a province of France

  • Governor, Bishop, Council, In-endant

• Religion was Catholic

• Basis of economy was fur trade 

• Fur Trade partnerships with First Nations

  • Did try to convert First Nations to Catholic

Rupert’s Land

• Rupert’s Land is a company

  • Chief Officer was head

  • Controlled fur trade

  • Was HBC in 1670 

  • Governor: CEO

• Religion was Protestant

  •  But,religion was not that important to the company

• Basis of economy was fur trade

  • No colonists 

  • Had british people run forts for trading

  • Traders came to them

• Did not seek partnerships with First Nations but traded with them for food