Chap 15 musculoskeletal system

bone head

rounded end of a bone

condyle

rounded knuckle like process

epicondyle

small rounded process above the condyle

trochanters

large and small processes for tendon attachments

tuberosity

small round elevation where tendons and muscles attach

fissure

narrow groove or slit like opening

foramen

opening for blood vessels and nerves

fossa

shallow cavity in or on a bone

sinus

hollow cavity within bone

ethmoid bone

supports nasal cavity and eye sockets; cranial

frontal bone

forehead; part of eye sockets; cranial

occipital bone

back and base of skull; cranial

parietal bones

top and sides of skull; cranial

sphenoid bone

base of skull and behind the eyes; cranial

temporal bones

lower sides and back of skull; cranial

lacrimal bones

corners of each eye (facial)

mandible

lower jawbone (facial)

maxillae

upper jawbone (facial)

nasal bones

bridge and septum of nose (facial)

vomer

nasal septum (facial)

zygomatic bones

cheek bones (facial bones)

acetabulum

hip socket

calcaneus

heel

carpals

wrist bones

clavicle

collar bone

coccyx

tailbone

cranium

skull

femur

thigh bone

fibula

smaller of the two lower leg bones

humerus

upper arm bone

illium

upper part of pelvic bone

ischium

inferior or lower part of the pelvic bone

malleolus

ankle

mandible

lower jawbone

maxilla

upper jawbone

metacarpals

hand bones

metatarsal

midfoot bones

olecranon

elbow

patella

kneecap

phalanges

fingers and toe bones

pubis

anterior part of the pelvic bone

radius

forearm bone- thumb side

scapula

shoulder blade

sternum

breastbone

tarsals

hindfoot and midfoot bones

tibia

shin bone

ulna

forearm bone- little finger side

vertebra

backbone/spine

acetabulum

rounded depression, or socket, in the pelvis that joins the femur, forming the hip joint

acromion

outward extensions of the shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder

bone

dense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton

bone depression

opening or hollow region serving as a connection for bones, or passageways for blood vessels and nerves

bone process

enlarged area that extends from bones as an attachment for muscles, tendons, and ligaments

calcium

one of the mineral constituents of bone

cancellous bone

spongy, porous, bone tissue in the inner part of a bone

cartilage

flexible, connective tissue; found in the immature skeleton, epiphyseal growth plate, and on joint surfaces

collagen

dense, connective tissue protein strands found in bone and other tissues

compact bone

hard, dense bone tissue, usually found around the outer portion of bones.

cranial bones

skull bones

diaphysis

shaft, or mid-portion, of a long bone

disk (disc)

flat, round. plate like structure

epiphyseal plate

cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton

epiphysis

each end of a long bone; the area beyond the epiphyseal plate

fontanelle

soft spot between the skull bones of an infant

face

bones of the face

foramen magnum

opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes

haversian canals

minute spaces filled with blood vessels; found in compact bone

ligament

fibrous connective tissue that binds bones to other bones

malleoulus

round process on both sides of the ankles joint

manubrium

upper portion of the sternum

mastoid process

rounded projection on the temporal bone behind the ear

medullary cavity

central, hollowed out area in the shaft of a long bone

metaphysis

flared portion of a long bone, between the diaphysis and the epiphyseal plate

olecranon

large process on the proximal end of the ulna at the elbow

orthopedist

medical doctor who specializes in bone, joint, and muscle conditions

osseous tissue

bone tissue

ossification

process of bone formation

osteoblast

bone cell that helps form bony tissue

osteaclast

bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue

periosteum

membrane surrounding bones; rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue

phosphorus

mineral substance found in combination with calcium

physiatrist

medical doctor specializing in rehabilitation

pubic symphysis

area of confluence of two pubic bones in the pelvis

red bone marrow

found in cancellous bone

ribs

twelve pairs of curved bones that form the chest wall

sella turcica

depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located

sinus

hollow air cavity within a bone

stylod process

pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull

suture

immobile join between bones, such as the skull

temporomandibular joint

connection on either side of the head between the temporal bone of the skull and mandibular bone of the jaw

tendon

fibrous connective tissue that binds muscle to bones

trabeculae

supporting bundles of bone fivers in cancellous bone

vetebra

individual segment of the spine

xiphoid process

lower, narrow portion of the sternum

yellow bone marrow

fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult bones

calc

calcium

kyph

hunchback

lamin

lamina

lord

curve

lumbo

loins