1S2Q Physical Education and Health: Quiz #1 - Modifiable Risk Factors of Lifestyle Diseases (L1)

Physical Activity

• Sports like badminton, swimming, and gymnastics, are very important for our health.

• Health-related sports activities play a vital role in the holistic development of a person.

• The choice of these sports activities usually depends on an individual’s interest, age, and ability. Such related activities ensure cardiovascular fitness and thus help you in the process of aging.

Physical Activity: Additional Information

• A lot of people today engage in many vices such as smoking, drugs, distorted diet, too much computer time, etc. Resulting in many health problems.

• Fortunately, many people nowadays are starting to realize such a lifestyle, and that’s why there are many organizations arising today to combat such problems.

Smoking

• Every organ in our body is damaged when we inhale smoke from other people.

• It weakens the body and leads to many diseases.

• From the World Health Organization:

  • There are 19.9 million smokers in the Philippines, 16% (approximately 3 million) of whom are female.

  • Smoking rates in the Philippines are higher among men (40.9%) versus women (8.2%).

  • Youth (13-15 years old) cigarette prevalence rates have increased slightly from 8.9% in 2011 to 10.8% in 2019.

Tar

• Is a harmful byproduct of smoking cigarettes.

• A brown substance that stains smokers’ teeth and fingers yellow-brown.

Nicotine

• Is a toxic chemical compound that mostly consist nitrogen, which also makes cigarettes addictive.

Carbon Monoxide

• A poisonous chemical from burnt cigarette that makes the heart do more work to supply sufficient oxygen in the body.

Cigarette Contents

Cigarette Contents: Description

• Tar - Material for paving roads

• Cadmium - In battery acid

• Butane - Lighter fluid

• Arsenic - In rat poison

• Acetic Acid - Ingredient in hair dye

• Acetone - In nail polish remover

• Formaldehyde - Known as embalming fluid

• Ammonia - Common household cleaner

• Carbon Monoxide - Released in car exhaust fumes

• Lead - In batteries

Mainstream Smoke

• Commonly known as “firsthand smoke” is the smoke from lit cigarette that is both inhaled and exhaled.

Second-hand Smoke

• A very dangerous smoke when taken in

• It is the smoke puffed out by smokers called environmental tobacco or “sidestream” smoke.

Third-hand Smoke

• Refers to cigarette offshoots which are attached to the smokers’ hair and clothing as well as various surfaces like walls, floors, furniture, chairs, and toys.

Smoking Health Risks

• Cardiovascular Diseases

• Cataracts and loss of Eyesight

• Atherosclerosis

• Reduced Fertility

• Reduced Life Expectancy

• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

• Cancers

• Periodontal Disease

• Asthma

• Ageing and Facial Wrinkles

• Ulcers

Side Effects of Vaping

• Mouth and Airways

  • Irritation

  • Cough

  • Increased airway resistance

• Heart and Circulation

  • Chest pain

  • Increased blood pressure

  • Increased heart rate

• Stomach

  • Vomiting

  • Nausea

Poor Dietary Habits

• Are the usual choices of food that people make poor dietary habits may lead to unhealthy eating to overcome feelings of rejection, depression, or anxiety.

• Lead to malnutrition, resulting in stress, tiredness, sleep deprivation, weak brain function, indigestion, and heart problems.

Principles of Good Nutrition: Adequacy

• Refers to moderate amount of nutrients to maintain normal body function.

The Food Pyramid

Principles of Good Nutrition: Balance

• Refers to correct combination of nutrients

Principles of Good Nutrition: Variety

• Refers to consumption of different types of food product

Variety

Effects of Poor Dietary Habits

• Obesity

• Tooth Decay

• High Blood Pressure

• High Cholesterol

• Heart Disease and Stroke

• Depression

• Osteoporosis

• Depression

• Eating Disorders

Sedentary Lifestyles

• When an individual lacks the recommended level of regular physical activity or if he/she is physically inactive.

• One of the risk factors associated with cancer is an unhealthy lifestyle.

• Physical activity is a risk factor for worldwide health.

Cardiovascular Disease

• A disease of the heart and blood vessels and is the leading cause of death in the Philippines.

Cancer

• A disease where cells divide at an uncontrolled pace, these cells can form a tumor, which can be identified as benign or malignant through a biopsy procedure.

• Is not contagious or caused by injuries or accidents.

• One of the risk factors associated with cancer is unhealthy lifestyle.

Two Types of Cancer: Malignant

• Tumor can spread to invade and destroy body tissue parts (metastasis).

Two Types of Cancer: Benign

• The tumor increases in size and does not invade other body parts.

• Is typically harmless

• It obstructs normal organs or tissues.

Diabetes

• Insulin-reliant diabetes because the body produces little or no insulin at all.

• The immune system destroys the cells producing insulin which causes the build-up of sugar in the blood and loss of sugar in the urine.

Chronic Respiratory Disease

• Commonly called Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

• Occurs in the air paths and other parts of the lungs.

Major Risk Factors of COPD

1. Tobacco Smoking

2. Indoor Air Pollution

3. Outdoor Air Pollution

4. Occupational Dusts and Chemicals (like vapors, irritants, and fumes)

Healthy Lifestyle

• Is all about making one’s health and well-being a priority.

• It is a choice made by an individual a commitment made for his own good and that of his loved ones.

Ways to Prevent Lifestyle Diseases: Eat Healthy Food

• This includes fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

• Go for lean meats and low-fat dairy products.

• Do not eat food with too much sugar or fat or dine in at fast food.

Go Foods

• Energy Foods

Grow Foods

• Foods that build the body

Glow Foods

• Foods that protect us from illness and keep our hair, skin, and nails healthy.

Ways to Prevent Lifestyle Diseases: Do Daily Routines of Physical Activity

• You don’t need to go to the gym regularly or do marathons; rather

• embrace physical activities in your daily routine.

Ways to Prevent Lifestyle Diseases: Do Not Smoke

• In gaining weight is a lesser risk than to keep smoking

• People quit smoking did not gain weight

Ways to Prevent Lifestyle Diseases: Drink Moderate Amounts of Alcohol Only

Ways to Prevent Lifestyle Diseases: Manage Stress

• Many individuals use eating as a means of managing stress.

• A lot of stress will be tough in making healthy changes to your lifestyle.

According to M.P. Nearly

“One of the best ways to reduce stress is to accept the things that you cannot control.”