flagellates + cilliates EXAM 2 parasitology pt. 3

Disease name of Giardia lamblia

Giardiasis

Disease name of Dientamoeba fragilis

Intestinal flagellate

Disease name for Trichomonas vaginalis

trichomonad vaginitis

Disease name for trypannosoma Brucei rhodesiense

East African sleeping sickness

Disease name for Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

West African sleeping sickness

Disease name for trypanosoma cruzi

Chagas disease

Disease name for Leishmania tropica

Old world

Disease name for Leishmania mexicana

New world

Disease name for Leishmania braziliensis

New World leishmaniasis

Disease name for leishmania donovani

Leishmaniasis

Disease name for Balantidium coli

Balantidiasis

What is a common factor between blood flagellates and tissue flagellates?

Arthropod host

Diagnostic stage for giardia lamblia

Infective cysts passed in feces

Transmission of giardia lamblia

Cyst transmitted by feces fingers, food,fomites, flies and infected water

Morphology of giardia lamblia troph

Troph resembles owl face or racket

Morphology of giardia lamblia cyst

Contains four nuclei

Symptoms of giardia lamblia

Foul-smelling diarrhea

Increase number of gay men harbor this infection

Giardia lamblia

Diagnostic stage for Dientamoeba fragilis

binucleated trophozoites passed in feces

What parasite might be transmitted via pinworm?

Dientamoeba fragilis

Morphology of Dientamoeba fragilis

Has no cyst stage therefore troph size is 9-12 um

How does Dientamoeba fragilis replicate and where?

The replicate by binary fission in the large intestine

Symptoms of Dientamoeba fragilis

Usually asymptomatic

What two flagellates are the most common non-pathogenic species?

Chilomastix mesnili and Trichomonas hominis

Morphology of Chilomastix mesnili

trophozoite is tear drop shaped (5×15 um)

Morphology of Trichomonas hominis

Troph is tear drop shaped (7×7 um)

Diagnostic stage of Trichomonas vaginalis

motile trophs are recovered from fresh urethral discharge, vaginal smear, or urine

Morphology of Trichomonas vaginalis

Troph is tear drop shaped (15×15 um)

Symptoms of t. Vaginalis

In woman, a burning itching and irritation in the vagina area

What parasite will have a jerky, rippling pattern of motility

Trichomonas vaginalis

Diagnostic stage for both T.b rhodesiense and T.b gambiense

Tsetse fly bite site examined or Buffy coat of blood for trypomastigotes

Morphology of both t.b. Gambiense and T.b. Rhodesiense

Undulating membrane or s shaped

Symptoms of T.b rhodesiense and T.b. Gambiense

Enlarged lymph nodes

Diagnostic stage of trypanosoma cruzi

Amastigotes found in the heart muscle, liver, or CNS in macrophages

Morphology of trypanosoma cruzi

C shaped trypomastigote

Symptoms of trypanosoma cruzi

In adults, the only sign is an enlarged weakened heart

Diagnostic stage for leishmania tropica

Amastigotes found in macrophages of skin lesion

All of leishmaniasis are transmitted by

Sand fly

Morphology of leishmania tropica

Amastigotes forms in macrophages

Symptoms of L. Tropica and L. Mexicana

incubation is 2 weeks or several months

Symptoms of L. Braziliensis

Red itchy indurated ulcer

Symptoms of L. Donovani

Long incubation period with small papule as initial lesion

Distribution of L. Tropica

Mediterranean, SW asia, central and Northwest Africa, central in South America

Distribution of L. Mexicana

Mexico and some times in Texas

Distribution of L. brazilensis

Central and South America, specially high in Brazil and Andes

Distribution of L. Donovani

young children in northwest and east Africa, Asia, Mediterranean, in South America

In adults mainly in India and Bangladesh

What kind of Protozoa is balantidium coli?

Ciliate

How is balantidium coli transmitted?

Humans ingest effective cysts either by fingers, feces, flies and food.

Diagnostic stage of balantidium coli

Infective cysts, passing in feces, trophs that are found in soft or fluid feces

Morphology of balantidium coli

Trophs are large (40 um to more than 70 um)

Symptoms of balantidium coli

Can be asymptomatic