z scores key concepts

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Last updated 8:05 PM on 9/24/26
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4 Terms

1
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z score:

  • converting the raw score into z score (in terms of SD units) allows you to identify teh location of a score on a distribution immediately

  • by dividing by the SD, z expresses the distance from the mean in SD units

  • emphasize these are population parameters

  • can only use z score approach if you know the mean, SD for the population of interest


2
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population formula for z-score:

z = (X-μ)/σ

x= raw score

mu= mean

sigma= SD

3
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formula to calculate a raw score from a z score:

x = μ + zσ

4
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standardizing a distribution:

  • converting a raw score into a z score

  • if you transform every raw score in a distribution into a z score you can standardize the entire distribution