Alterations in GI System Part II: Accessory Organ Dysfunction

These flashcards cover key concepts related to liver disorders, gallbladder disorders, pancreatic disorders, and GI cancers, aiding in the understanding of gastrointestinal system dysfunction.

Portal Hypertension

High blood pressure in the portal venous system due to resistance to blood flow.

Ascites

Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, commonly due to portal hypertension or cirrhosis.

Hepatic Encephalopathy

A neurological syndrome caused by the buildup of toxins in the bloodstream when the liver is unable to cleanse them.

Jaundice

Yellow or green pigmentation of the skin and sclera due to hyperbilirubinemia.

Cirrhosis

Irreversible inflammatory and fibrotic liver disease often resulting from alcohol abuse or viral hepatitis.

Cholelithiasis

Formation of gallstones due to impaired cholesterol, bilirubin, or bile salt metabolism.

Cholecystitis

Inflammation of the gallbladder typically caused by obstruction from gallstones.

Acute Liver Failure

Severe impairment or necrosis of liver cells occurring without preexisting liver disease.

Hepatitis

Viral systemic disease primarily affecting the liver, with strains A, B, C, D, and E.

Colorectal Cancer

Cancer of the colon or rectum, associated with risk factors such as age, diet, and family history.