Appendicular Skeleton and Upper Limb Anatomy

Flashcards covering the appendicular skeleton, pectoral girdles, upper limbs, and related bones and features.

The appendicular skeleton…

Includes bones of limbs and supporting bone girdles, allowing movement and manipulation of objects.

The pectoral girdle…

Connects each arm to the body and provides a basis for arm movement.

Each pectoral girdle consists of one and one .

Clavicle and scapula.

The pectoral girdle connects with the axial skeleton only at the _.

Manubrium.

Clavicles are…

S-shaped bones that originate at the manubrium and articulate with the scapulae.

Scapulae are…

Broad, flat triangles that articulate with the humerus and clavicle.

The three borders of each scapula are…

Superior, medial (vertebral), and lateral (axillary).

The corners of the scapulae are…

Superior, inferior, and lateral.

The lateral angle of the scapula supports the _.

Glenoid cavity.

The scapular processes are…

Coracoid process and acromion.

The acromion articulates with the clavicle at the _.

Acromioclavicular joint.

The skeleton of the upper limbs consists of bones of the…

Arms, forearms, wrists, and hands.

The only bone in the arm (brachium) is the _.

Humerus.

The _ are rounded projections on the humerus separated by the intertubercular sulcus.

Greater and lesser tubercles.

The necks of the humerus are the…

Anatomical and surgical necks.

The large, rough elevation on the lateral surface of the humerus is the _.

Deltoid tuberosity.

The _ on the posterior surface of the humerus is for the radial nerve.

Radial groove.

The distal expansions on the humerus for muscle attachment are the…

Medial and lateral epicondyles.

The condyle of the humerus includes the and .

Trochlea and capitulum.

The forearm (antebrachium) consists of two long bones: the and .

Ulna and radius.

The fibrous sheet connecting the ulna and radius is the _.

Interosseous membrane.

The proximal end of the ulna that forms the point of the elbow is the _.

Olecranon.

The _ of the ulna articulates with the trochlea of the humerus.

Trochlear notch.

The _ of the ulna articulates with the head of the radius.

Radial notch.

The _ below the neck of the radius attaches the biceps brachii.

Radial tuberosity.

The _ at the distal end of the radius articulates with the head of the ulna.

Ulnar notch.

There are _ carpal bones in the wrist.

Eight.

The proximal carpal bones are…

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform.

The distal carpal bones are…

Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate.

The five long bones of the hand are the _.

Metacarpals.

The finger bones are called _.

Phalanges.

The pollex (thumb) has _ phalanges.

Two (proximal, distal).

Each of the other four fingers has _ phalanges.

Three (proximal, middle, distal).