HY400 - Historiography

July 1914 - German Intentionalism, Conflict through German Escalation

Fritz Fischer, Luigi Albertini, Imanuel Geiss

July 1914 - Rejection of Fischer Thesis, all to blame for Conflict

Gerhard Ritter

July 1914 - Sleepwalkers, Conflict through rigidity and error

Christopher Clark, William Mulligan

July 1914 - Russian Intentionalism, Conflict through Russian Escalation

Sean McMeekin

July 1914 - Elite Decisionmaking Failure, Conflict through intra-Elite miscommunication

Margaret MacMillan

July 1914 - Austrian Agency, Conflict through Austrian Escalation

Alexander Watson, Samuel Williamson

July 1914 - "Fatalism", Miscommunication and Cascade of Errors

James Joll, AJP Taylor

July 1914 - De-Escalation through Escalation, Central Powers attempt to secure local war backfires

Andreas Hilgruber, Holger Herwig

Nazi-Soviet Pact - Pre-Meditated Strategic Move from Stalin

Geoffrey Roberts, Richard Overy

Nazi-Soviet Pact - Western Diplomatic Failure

AJP Taylor, Jonathon Haslam

Nazi-Soviet Pact - Totalitarian Collusion

Roger Moorhouse, Timothy Snyder

Nazi-Soviet Pact - Short-term Soviet gain, Long-term disaster

Geoffrey Roberts, Adam Ulam

Nazi-Soviet Pact - Directly enabled outbreak of WW2 with temp. Nazi-Soviet alliance

Richard Overy, Adam Tooze

1948-1949 Arab-Israeli War - Israel against all odds; No planned expulsions (Traditional Zionist narrative)

Chaim Herzog, Efraim Karsh

1948-1949 Arab-Israeli War - Zionist Critique, premeditated expulsion

Avi Shlaim, Benny Morris, Ilan Pappé

1948-1949 Arab-Israeli War - Post-Zionist and Palestinian narratives

Walid Khalidi, Rashid Khalidi, Nur Masalha

Six-Day War - Israeli Pre-Emptivity Justified

Michael Oren

Six-Day War - Nasser's Folly

Avi Shlaim, Fawaz Gerges

Six-Day War - Israeli societal manipulation

Tom Segev, Ilan Pappé

Six-Day War - Arab Disunity

Benny Morris, Guy Laron

Six-Day War - Superpower Involvement making it worse

Guy Laron, William Quandt, Michael Oren

Yom Kippur War - Sadat's Rationality

Avi Shlaim, William Quandt

Yom Kippur War - US-Israeli Flawed Strategy

Ahron Bregman, Tom Segev

Yom Kippur War - Shuttle Diplomacy, US takes centerstage

Henry Kissinger, William Quandt

Yom Kippur War - Arab Credibility recovers

Ahron Bregman, Fawaz Gerges

Yom Kippur War - Superpower tensions rise, tests limit of detente

Ray Takeyh, William Quandt, Henry Kissinger

1989 Revolutions - Gorbachev Agency

William Taubman, Archie Brown

1989 Revolutions - Structural Rot

Stephen Kotkin, Richard Sakwa

1989 Revolutions - Popular Agency/Civic Society

Timothy Garton Ash, Padraic Kenney

1989 Revolutions - Elite Agency

Vladimir Tismaneanu, Mary Elise Sarotte

1989 Revolutions - US Influence

Beth Fischer, John Lewis Gaddis

1989 Revolutions - Well-Managed Crisis

Mary Elise Sarotte, Philip Zelikow, Condoleezza Rice