Review Notes on Corrosion, Energy Sources, and Engineering Materials

Vocabulary flashcards based on lecture notes about corrosion, energy sources, and engineering materials.

Corrosion

The destruction of a metal surface by chemical or electrochemical attack with the surrounding environment.

Corrosion (as a process)

A process of oxidation that degrades a metal.

Evolution of hydrogen corrosion

Corrosion that occurs in acidic environments involving the release of hydrogen gas.

Sacrificial anode

A method used to protect a base metal from corrosion by using a more active metal.

Galvanic corrosion

Corrosion that happens when two different metals are in contact.

Pitting corrosion

A localized type of corrosion that creates small holes or pits in a material.

Cathodic protection

A technique for controlling corrosion by making the metal the cathode of an electrochemical cell.

Good fuel

Possesses a high calorific value, moderate ignition temperature, and high fixed carbon.

Cracking

The process of breaking down large hydrocarbons into smaller ones.

Iso-octane

A fuel with an octane rating of 100.

Fischer-Tropsch Process

A process for synthesizing petrol from coal.

Zeolite

A catalyst used in moving bed catalytic cracking.

Tetraethyl lead

A mixture added to petrol to improve its anti-knocking properties.

Low or net calorific value

The amount of energy released when a unit mass of fuel is burned completely.

Biodiesel

A fuel produced by transesterification of vegetable oil or animal fat.

Dulong formula

A formula used to theoretically determine the calorific value of a fuel.

Cetane number

A measure of the knocking tendency of diesel fuel.

Knocking

The rattling or metallic sound produced in an internal combustion engine.

Polyacetylene

A polymer with conjugation.

Polyacrylamide

A thermo-responsive polymer.

Fire point

The temperature at which a lubricant ignites and burns continuously for 5 seconds.

Cloud point

The temperature at which a lubricant becomes cloudy upon cooling.

Oiliness

The property of a lubricant to adhere to surfaces.

Viscosity index

The change in viscosity of a lubricant with temperature.

Redwood Viscometer

An instrument used to determine the viscosity of a lubricant.

Pensky-Martens apparatus

An apparatus used to determine the flash and fire points of a lubricant.

Shape memory materials

Materials that return to their original shape after deformation due to temperature changes.

Thermoresponsive polymers

Polymers that change their solubility depending on environmental temperature changes.

Gypsum

A material added to cement to prevent rapid hydrolysis of tricalcium aluminates.

Biodegradable polymers

Polymers that can be easily broken down by microorganisms.

Hardening

The development of strength in cement due to crystallization.

Calcareous compounds

Lime-based products found in cement.

Polyvinyl alcohol

A biodegradable polymer.

Initial flash set of cement

Caused by the hydration of tricalcium aluminates.

Smart materials

Materials whose properties can be significantly altered under controlled conditions by external stimuli.

Poly lactic acid

A type of shape memory material.

Tobermonite gel

The gel formation responsible for the setting and hardening of cement.

Piezoelectric materials

Smart materials that generate an electric current when under mechanical stress.

Chromoactive materials

Smart materials that can change color.