Puritans

Puritanism

A religious reform movement aimed at 'purifying' the Church of England from Catholic influences.

Cromwell

Head of state who instituted many Puritan reforms.

Calvinist theory of predestination

The belief that everything that happens has been predetermined by God or fate.

Moral conviction

The strong sense of right and wrong that guided Puritan lifestyles.

Religious unity

Puritans considered religious unity essential to society's welfare.

Ecclesiastical rituals

Ceremonies and practices associated with church services, criticized by Puritans.

The pulpit

The church platform from which sermons are delivered, becoming politically significant during Puritanism.

Sermons

Religious talks given by clergy that emphasized moral teachings and were widely published.

Clergy

The body of religious officials, criticized by Puritans for their special clothing and scholarly interpretations.

Beauty of the churches

Aspect of Anglicanism that Puritans opposed, arguing for simplicity instead.

Poverty

Almost considered a sin by Puritans, reflecting their work ethic.

Holy life

A life of hard work and discipline, as required by Puritan beliefs.

Leisure

Thought to be a waste of time that could corrupt men's minds according to Puritan values.

Individual comprehension of Scriptures

The Puritan belief that individuals have the right to interpret the Bible for themselves.

Political significance of religion

The merging of political and religious authority in sermons during Puritanism.

Puritan followers

Supported among clergy, nobles, merchants, and professional classes, especially in London and the south-west.