Respiratory BM Study Guide

How many lobes does the Right lung have?

3 Lobes

How many lobes does the Left lung have?

2 Lobes

What parts are included in the Upper Respiratory Tract?

Nasal Cavity, Pharynx, and Larynx

What parts are included in the Lower Respiratory Tract?

Trachea, Primary Bronchi, and Lungs

What is the function of the respiratory system?

Exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide between the blood and external environment, Enable speech production, and Works with the cardiovascular system.

What are the respiratory diseases?

Hemothorax, Phenmothorex, Hemopheumothorax, Respiratory Syntical Virus (RSV), Carbon Monoxide Poisioning, Sleep Apnea, Cystic fibrosis, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD).

What respiratory disorders, that we discussed, could be caused by smoking?

COPD, Emphysema, and Chronic Bronchitis.

What factors can cause an asthma attack?

Pollen, Dust, Fragrances, Tobacco smoke, gas exchange, stress, exercise, cold weather, and the common cold.

What is diffusion?

It is the process by which molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. 

Does O2 and CO2 diffuse across the membrane from high to low or from low to high?

It diffuses from High to low

What is external respiration?

It is the exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in the lungs (alveoli and blood)

What is internal respiration?

It is the exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide between blood and tissues.

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What does the epiglottis do?

It is a flexible flap of cartilage at the end of the larynx that during swallowing, bends downward to cover the opening of the airway, allowing food and liquids to enter the esophagus.

What type of blood vessels are around the alveoli to do gas exchange? 

Capillaries

What do the alveoli do?

They are thin-walled air sacs that make up the bulk of lung tissue, and they are part of the gas exchange that occurs by simple diffusion through the respiratory membrane.

How does the nervous system regulate rate and depth of breathing?

Control centers in the Medulla determine the rate and depth of respiration by stimulating bronchioles, alveoli, diaphragm, and external intercostal muscles.

What is the membrane around the lung called?

Pleural Membrane

What does the Pleural Membrane do?

It always secretes fluid and acts to reduce the friction that occurs during breathing.

What does the diaphragm do when you inhale?

Contracts

What does the diaphragm do when you exhale?

Relaxes

What are the 3 parts of the pharynx?

The nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx. 

What is the correct pathway of air through the respiratory system?

Nose(nasal cavity), mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx(vocal cords), trachea, Primary bronchi, bronchus, and alveoli. 

The concentration of what gases regulate breathing?

Carbon Dioxide(CO2) and Oxygen(O2)

Hemoglobin carries how many oxygens? 

4 oxygen molecules