General Biology II - Fungi and Animal Kingdom Review

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms from the General Biology II lecture.

Hyphae

Long filaments that make up the body of fungi.

Mycelium

The mass of hyphae that forms the vegetative part of a fungus.

Chitin

A structural polysaccharide that makes up the cell walls of fungi.

Decomposers

Organisms that feed on dead organic material, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.

Basidiospores

Spores produced by basidia, the reproductive structures of basidiomycete fungi.

Zygomycota

A phylum of fungi that includes bread molds; reproduce sexually via zygospores.

Ascomycota

A phylum of fungi also known as sac fungi, which includes yeasts and truffles.

Fruiting body

The reproductive structure of a fungus that produces spores.

Asexual reproduction

A mode of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes or fertilization.

Lichen

A mutualistic association between a fungus and a photosynthetic partner, often algae or cyanobacteria.

Mycorrhizae

A symbiotic relationship between fungi and plant roots that enhances nutrient uptake.

Radial symmetry

Body plan that is symmetrical around a central axis, found in some animals like cnidarians.

Bilateral symmetry

A body plan in which the left and right sides are mirror images, typical of many animals.

Pharyngeal gill slits

Embryonic feature found in chordates that develop into gills or other structures.

Notochord

A flexible rod that supports the body of a developing chordate.

Amniotic egg

An egg that contains amniotic fluid, allowing for development on land, typical of reptiles and birds.

Warm-blooded

Organisms that maintain a constant body temperature regardless of environmental conditions.

Echinodermata

A phylum of marine animals including sea stars and sea urchins, characterized by radial symmetry.

Mammalia

A class of warm-blooded vertebrates characterized by mammary glands, hair, and a four-chambered heart.