Bio Chem Metabolism

metabolism

heterotrophs

organic sources

autotrophs

makes glucose on its own, inroganic sources

anaerobe

aerobe

What is the end product of heterotrophic carbon metabolism, and returned to the atmosphere for reuse by photoautotrophs?

Advantage of protein-centric maps?

Catabolism

involves the oxidative degradation of complex nutrient molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins) obtained either from the environment or from cellular reserves.

Anabolism

synthetic process in which the varied and complex biomolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, and lipids) are assembled from simpler precursors

Catabolic reactions are usually ___, and often the chemical energy released is
captured in the form of ATP

exergonic

Amphibolic

alcoholic dehydrogenase

oxidative phosphorylation

phosphoric anhydride

TCA Cycle components

What does malate do in forward TCA? Backwards TCA?

glycosidic linkage

amylopectin

amylose

alpha amylase

glucogen

endoglycosidase

glucanotransferase

beta amylase

exoglycosidae

branched starch

unbranched starch

oligosaccharide

maltotriose

alpha 1→6 glycosidase

limit dextrin

glycogen superstructure

Glucose 6 phosphate

phoshpglucomutase

UDp glucose

glycogen synthease

UDP glucose pyrophosphorylase

Glucose 1 phosphate

glycogen phophorylase

glycogenesis

gl

glycogenolysis

gluconeogenesis sources, carbohyrdare or nott?

glycogenesis

why is there an energetic advantae to the cell in glycogen phosphorolysis

Pi

inorganic phosphate

because the over abundance of g____, the body wants to make more ____

How is glucose synthesized?

glucose + Glucokinase = glucose 6 phosphate,
glucose 6 phophate + phosphoglucomutase = glucose 1 phopshate,
glucose 1 phosphate + UDP glucose pyrophosphorylate - Uracil diphosphate glucose

glycogenin

nucleus of glycogen

glycogenin gets glucose from udp glucose, syntase makes the striaght chains on it, then the other thing does something

alpha phoshprus of UTP relevency

tyrosine-OH relevancy

oxonium ion intermediate

amylo (1,4 → 1,6) transglycosylase

easier to make a sphere with branching or striaght?

branching

seven residue terminal segment to C(6)-OH group

alosteric regulation

insulin in glycogen synthase regulation

glucagon epinephrine

glucagon epinephrine

what cells cant break down fats for energy and why

red blood cells have no mitochondria

What enzyme drives the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?

pyruvate dehydrogenase complex