Diffusion, osmosis, and active transport

Diffusion

The movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration with evenly spread (equilibrium) as a result of their random motion

Factors affecting the rate of movement of substances into and out of cells

1. Temperature

2. Diffusion gradient

3. Short diffusion distance

4. Large surface area to volume ratio

Temperature

It gives particles more kinetic energy so it moves faster, high rate of discussion

Diffusion gradient

The higher the gradient between concentration the faster the rate of diffusion

Short diffusion distance

The shorter the distance, the faster the rate of diffusion

Large surface area to volume ratio

The larger the ratio, the faster the rate of diffusion

Osmosis

The movement of water molecules from high to low water potential through a partially permeable membrane.

Process of osmosis

The movement of molecules from low to high concentration using energy and transport proteins.

Active transport

Movement particles from low to high concentration, it needs energy from respiration