Chapter 9 - Chemical Reactions

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts relating to chemical reactions, from definitions of reactants and products to types of reactions and their characteristics.

Reactant

A substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.

Product

The substances that are formed as a result of a chemical reaction.

Chemical Equation

A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction, showing the reactants and products.

Synthesis Reaction

A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound.

Decomposition Reaction

A chemical reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler products.

Combustion Reaction

A reaction in which a substance combines with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of light or heat.

Double-Replacement Reaction

A reaction where two compounds exchange ions to form two new compounds.

Aqueous Solution

A solution in which the solvent is water.

Activity Series

A list of metals arranged in order of decreasing reactivity.

Precipitate

A solid that forms and settles out of a liquid mixture during a chemical reaction.

Stoichiometry

The calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions.

Electrolyte

A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electricity.

Hydrochloric Acid

A strong acid formed when hydrogen chloride (HCl) is dissolved in water.

Calcium Carbonate

A chemical compound (CaCO3) that is a common substance in rocks and is the main component of pearls and the shells of marine organisms.

Sulfuric Acid

A highly corrosive strong mineral acid (H2SO4) used in various industrial processes.

Hydroxide Ion (OH-)

A negatively charged ion formed when water (H2O) loses a hydrogen ion.